[
 {
  "nct": "NCT04108234",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Phase I (R)-ketamine nasal spray vs placebo in healthy volunteers"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00088699",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD ketamine vs placebo crossover, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01880593",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; lithium vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02336308",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Burn dressing changes with opioid/benzodiazepine procedural sedation treated as a procedure under sedation; IV ketamine 10 min before and during dressing change, no GA; incidence of depression before discharge (secondary). Withdrawn."
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02106325",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator diphenhydramine (active)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02717052",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PET study, S-ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07369089",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; MORE vs support group randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06752759",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator nebulized midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04205890",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01504659",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric bipolar, intranasal ketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06073015",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Esketamine 5 min before the procedure began vs saline; anesthesia type and timing relative to induction not stated; anxiety and depression scores at 1 month"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02783430",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo infusion with milnacipran, palliative depression, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02317341",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator arm is midazolam (active placebo); arm listing ambiguous; no procedure in any case"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05698394",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Esketamine 0.2 mg/kg infused over 40 min after giving birth vs saline; no GA stated, mother awake after delivery; 3-year follow-up of an RCT; depression incidence and PHQ-9 at 3 years"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02727998",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05378100",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04116528",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine given to all before randomization; buprenorphine vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01640080",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD IV esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02636218",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "SAH neuroprotection infusion vs saline, not tied to a procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02919579",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Driving study in MDD, esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01269307",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED sedation ketofol vs propofol alone (propofol substitutes for ketamine); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05450432",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07644767",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs placebo in bipolar depression, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06891300",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06668571",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06788444",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Esketamine 0.2 mg/kg after propofol loss of consciousness, before colonoscopy, vs saline; propofol sedation without stated airway management, so coded as dosing under sedation; HADS at 3 d to 6 wk (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06364072",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01557712",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline with venlafaxine in MDD, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03017248",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED acute pain, morphine plus ketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07009158",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy vs mindfulness alone, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04234776",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator escitalopram plus aripiprazole (active)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04964219",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "S-ketamine bolus after induction and infusion to 1 h before end of surgery, plus postoperative PCA pump with S-ketamine 25 mg; vs saline; anxiety and depression severity at day 30"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06125054",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cocaine use disorder, ketamine vs saline with neurofeedback, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05719909",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All participants on clinical esketamine; randomized cognitive vs sham training"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05086250",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs placebo for anxiety in pancreatic cancer, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05487885",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized open label"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04013958",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IM vs IV ketamine, both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03146806",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05168735",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; mindfulness vs academic exercises"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03272698",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT with ketamine anesthesia vs high-dose ketamine; both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02761330",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT anesthesia: etomidate vs ketamine vs ketamine with sham ECT; no arm without an active anesthetic substitute"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07120477",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Suicide prevention in emergency care: esketamine plus eTAU vs eTAU alone; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06414356",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator magnesium sulfate (active)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00611572",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; iomazenil vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01944293",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02655692",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PTSD ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04889664",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05137938",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05242692",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator dexmedetomidine (positive control)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06410599",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Chronic depression, ketamine vs saline with CBASP, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02772211",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; D-cycloserine vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07422519",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine in both arms; VR mindfulness vs none randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06608277",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Placebo ketamine is midazolam (active placebo); stellate ganglion block trial for PTSD/headache"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07193901",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "(R)-ketamine nasal spray vs placebo in MDD, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07235605",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Sedation regimen (dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, ketamine) vs local anesthesia; control differs by several drugs; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04892251",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid use disorder, MORE plus ketamine vs MORE alone, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03513822",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Chronic neuropathic pain, ketamine vs saline infusion, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07490457",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cardiac surgery ketamine vs saline after induction; outcomes pain, delirium, QoR-15, BPI; no depression scale"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03666494",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg as part of propofol-fentanyl GA induction vs induction without it (no study drug); single induction dose; depression severity primary at PACU, 72 h, 7 d, 30 d"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06772753",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Healthy volunteers psychedelic effects, placebo arm, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06559826",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "KAP vs ketamine alone; both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06340958",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral esketamine vs placebo adjunct in MDD, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05696691",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IM ketamine plus crisis response plan vs treatment as usual without the plan, so control care differs; ED suicidality, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07462559",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Drug interaction study; ketamine in all arms"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04977674",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine at both visits; naltrexone vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07563296",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00858624",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Chronic cough patients and healthy volunteers both given ketamine; no placebo arm described"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06278779",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs racemic ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05506462",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04860661",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cesarean: esketamine 0.25 mg/kg IV 15 min after cord clamping plus esketamine 80 mg in postoperative PCIA vs saline; EPDS up to 90 days (primary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03500289",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06161805",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Endometriosis chronic pain, esketamine vs saline 8-h infusion, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06498869",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Colonoscopy sedation with added ketamine vs none; only sleep quality outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05870501",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam (crossover)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02924090",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT anesthesia etomidate vs ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01957410",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD ketamine vs placebo, evoked potentials, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02493868",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD relapse prevention esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05481970",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, ketamine) vs opioid-based; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04081545",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, ketamine) vs opioid-based; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01209845",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01126957",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED procedural sedation ketamine vs placebo before propofol; outcomes respiratory depression and satisfaction only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06010056",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PCA ketamine-morphine vs PCA morphine at double morphine concentration (morphine substitutes for ketamine); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01740492",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED acute pain, ketamine vs saline with morphine, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06896994",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Postherpetic neuralgia, esketamine added to pregabalin/duloxetine vs those alone, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04032301",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PTSD and MDD, ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06480500",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05320107",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD fMRI crossover ketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02734602",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized PET study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07374211",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery under GA in severely depressed patients; esketamine 0.3 mg/kg started at induction and completed over 40 min vs saline; assumed to end before end of surgery; anxiety and depression primary at POD 3, 7, 30"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07810023",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02424591",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Spinal fusion: ketamine 10 mcg/kg/min from after intubation to start of skin closure vs placebo; BDI at POD 3 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01833897",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06419439",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in all arms; randomized narrative intervention vs usual care after infusions"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06062550",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three esketamine doses in PCA, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05438758",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine in both arms; Almond therapy vs treatment as usual"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07284667",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ACP-211 not identified as ketamine in the record; outpatient MDD, so not perioperative in any case"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06366334",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Adolescent ED suicidal ideation, ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04091971",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03896230",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three ketamine doses for ED pain, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07254936",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Post-craniotomy ICU ketamine vs dexmedetomidine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06789185",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric laparoscopic surgery, esketamine 5 min before end of surgery vs saline; emergence delirium and recovery outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06139016",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07179913",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bariatric surgery, esketamine vs dexmedetomidine (active comparator labeled placebo)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03434041",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD esketamine vs placebo nasal spray plus oral antidepressant, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04714541",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group case series"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00947791",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam (crossover)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06859892",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination vs saline; control differs by two active drugs"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05268497",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04303325",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Depressed patients, breast cancer surgery under GA, esketamine 0.2 mg/kg as adjunct to GA vs saline; timing of the dose not stated; MADRS to 24 h (primary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04242914",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine plus midazolam vs midazolam alone (midazolam common to both) for self-injury in cPTSD, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04037085",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02992496",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator oral midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03462836",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine plus lidocaine multimodal analgesia vs PCA only; control differs by two drugs; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04082858",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam interleaved with ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01349231",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03041506",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Midazolam-ketamine sedation vs interscalene block for shoulder reduction"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07063108",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Elderly non-cardiac surgery: esketamine bolus after induction and infusion until 30 min before end of surgery vs saline; MADRS at 24, 48, 72 h (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05306899",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Chronic daily headache, ketamine vs saline infusion under midazolam sedation given only for blinding, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06087510",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three esketamine doses in PCA, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03410446",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04712071",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07760740",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Hepatobiliary surgery: esketamine 0.3 mg/kg/h infused only during the operation vs saline; GA inferred for this surgery though not stated; postoperative depression POD 1-3 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06113497",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Wound infiltration cocktail (morphine, ropivacaine, tramadol, ketorolac, ketamine) vs saline; control differs by several drugs; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04924257",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02644629",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IV vs intranasal ketamine, both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07753772",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination (intraop and PCIA) vs saline; control differs by two active drugs, no ketamine-only arm; depression primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06085937",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02267980",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT anesthesia: sevoflurane plus ketamine vs saline; ECT does not count as a procedure (also only seizure duration and hemodynamics)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05233566",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg then 0.3 mg/kg/h for ~3 h after surgery and extubation vs saline; depressive symptoms day 4 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07683988",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized crossover"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05441150",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Living liver donor hepatectomy ketamine vs saline; opioid, sedation, complications only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01691092",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01304147",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD intranasal ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01551329",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Registered as single group, allocation NA, despite RCT in title"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05437575",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Prehospital trauma ketamine vs fentanyl"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01669642",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00768430",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02522377",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam interleaved with ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05004896",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05811221",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single vs intermittent esketamine dosing, both arms esketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03521167",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cardiac surgery multimodal (ketamine, lidocaine, gabapentin, acetaminophen) with dex or saline vs opioid regimen; no arm differs from another by ketamine alone; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04021433",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05809609",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD ketamine vs saline, cognitive/fMRI, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06199011",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Sleeve gastrectomy: esketamine-based opioid-free anesthesia vs opioid anesthesia (opioids substitute for esketamine)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07665099",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Elderly maxillofacial surgery: esketamine bolus after induction and infusion stopped 30 min before end of surgery vs saline; HADS POD 1 and 3 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05046184",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD ketamine vs midazolam; healthy controls not randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01573741",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01680172",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs placebo for depression/anxiety in cancer, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05718544",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PCA esketamine plus dexmedetomidine vs PCA without both; control differs by two drugs"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04129086",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Trauma admission analgesia: ketamine infusion from admission (and after any later surgery) plus usual care vs usual care; only EQ-5D anxiety/depression item"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03502551",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07360327",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "CABG opioid-free (dexmedetomidine, ketamine) vs fentanyl anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07452705",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Scoliosis surgery PCA morphine plus ketamine vs same morphine PCA alone; pain and opioid outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07273851",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT induction ketofol vs propofol (substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07476482",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cesarean shared decision-making vs standard counseling; ketamine only one optional patient choice, no arm assigned ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00997321",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED sedation propofol vs ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05339074",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group open-label extension"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05294835",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03829124",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT in schizophrenia: ketamine plus propofol vs propofol alone; ECT does not count (also no depression scale)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02911597",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both phases; naltrexone vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04352621",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07315074",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Surgery in postmenopausal women: esketamine 0.2 mg/kg/h infusion vs saline; timing of infusion and anesthesia type not stated; anxiety and depression assessments POD 1-3 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05193318",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02037035",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03249025",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01809340",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Open-label ketamine for all; minocycline vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01935115",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT anesthesia ketamine vs propofol"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06451627",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Spinal surgery under propofol-remifentanil TIVA: esketamine 0.3 mg/kg/h infused during surgery vs saline; HADS POD 1 and 3 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03336541",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cesarean in women with prenatal depression: ketamine 0.5 mg/kg over 40 min after childbirth vs saline; anesthesia not stated, mother presumed awake (no GA mentioned); postpartum depression at 48 h (primary) and 42 d"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07639359",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ICU patients with depressive symptoms, ketamine vs saline, not tied to a procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06853041",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED pain esketamine vs ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06404983",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (dexmedetomidine, ketamine, lidocaine) vs opioid GA"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02501941",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Neuro ICU ketamine vs other sedatives crossover"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03756129",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD MIJ821 vs placebo vs ketamine; ketamine and placebo arms present, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06597695",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06698848",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01260649",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline before ECT anesthesia; HAM-D primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05515822",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bariatric surgery esketamine plus oxycodone vs oxycodone (and dezocine arm); pain and opioid outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04144153",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free TIVA (dexmedetomidine, ketamine) vs opioid TIVA"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04829318",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group extension"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03223220",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Acute ischemic stroke neuroprotection, ketamine vs saline (midazolam in both), no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05468840",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Adolescent ED suicidal ideation, ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05011214",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric eye procedure: sevoflurane vs esketamine anesthesia (substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02887404",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Spine surgery pathway (acetaminophen, gabapentin, ketamine, lidocaine) vs placebos; control differs by several drugs; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01920555",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine doses vs midazolam active placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06042816",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (lidocaine, ketamine, epidural) vs fentanyl anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03053830",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07307768",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three ketamine doses, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04123652",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06630065",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized patients vs healthy volunteers"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05951465",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Two esketamine doses with propofol for colonoscopy, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04955470",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric suicidality ketamine vs midazolam vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04876066",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05212571",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "CRPS esketamine outpatient vs inpatient schedules"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02649231",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Alcohol use disorder ketamine vs saline (factorial with therapy), no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02579928",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Adolescent depression ketamine vs midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06021756",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05474183",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "After cardiac surgery: ketamine vs dexmedetomidine vs fentanyl only; fentanyl consumption and ventilation outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05690503",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Coded drugs CI-581a 0.8 mg/kg vs CI-581b 0.025 mg/kg (comparator dosed as active drug); PASC depression, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05737693",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PTSD ketamine vs midazolam with psychotherapy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06133309",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group interview study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07523321",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination vs saline; control differs by two drugs; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06412861",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Gynecologic sedation propofol-ketamine vs propofol-fentanyl"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02782104",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group extension"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05997134",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three ketamine infusion regimens for CRPS, no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04711005",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "(2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (a metabolite) vs placebo in healthy volunteers"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07560722",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cesarean in cholestasis of pregnancy: esketamine 0.3 mg/kg IV after fetal delivery vs saline; anesthesia not stated, mother presumed awake (no GA mentioned); postoperative depression at 72 h (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04425473",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Major surgery: esketamine 0.2 mg/kg infused over 40 min starting at incision suturing vs saline; may run past end of surgery and emergence; depressive symptoms remission and MADRS POD 3"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05960942",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Propofol-esketamine vs propofol-sufentanil in autistic children"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04656886",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline crossover fMRI, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06402955",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06538285",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06773143",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery esketamine vs saline under GA; anxiety and depression scored only the day before surgery, none after"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05229913",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cesarean: esketamine 0.2-0.8 mg/kg added to postoperative PCIA vs PCIA without it; EPDS day 42 (primary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05915013",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; perampanel vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04976842",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free (dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, ketamine) vs opioid-based anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05934669",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal midazolam vs dexmedetomidine vs ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00344682",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Memantine vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05327699",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03395314",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Borderline personality disorder ketamine vs midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07064408",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Elderly thoracic surgery esketamine at induction vs saline; hemodynamic, recovery, delirium, morphine outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06036511",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07523334",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Elderly non-cardiac surgery three esketamine doses vs saline; dissociation, delirium, neurocognitive outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06464393",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine-lidocaine-dexmedetomidine vs fentanyl at intubation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06077487",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral vs IM ketamine with therapy, both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05402189",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cleft palate ketamine-dexmedetomidine vs fentanyl"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06021717",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PCA ketamine-morphine vs PCA morphine at double morphine concentration (substitution); same design as NCT06010056; no depression outcome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03417193",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; opioid-free vs opioid-based anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07230171",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Fibromyalgia esketamine added to pregabalin/venlafaxine vs those alone, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02819375",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT induction propofol vs propofol-remifentanil vs propofol-ketamine with halved propofol (substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02935595",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07367542",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery under GA: esketamine 0.3 mg/kg started at induction and completed over 40 min vs saline; assumed to end before end of surgery; anxiety and depression primary POD 3, 7, 30"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04141696",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Fatigue ketamine vs midazolam crossover"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04944017",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Parkinson depression ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06795659",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04843982",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Septic ICU patients, esketamine added to propofol sedation vs propofol alone; ICU sedation, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07138781",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Thoracotomy block with bupivacaine plus ketamine vs plus saline; pain and opioid outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01768767",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bipolar depression ketamine/lithium vs ketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06903819",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Orthopedic trauma surgery ketamine at induction vs none; depression named as an aim but registered outcomes are only pain and opioid use"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06713616",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Racemic ketamine vs esketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06914180",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia: esketamine infusion added to pulsed radiofrequency plus pregabalin; infusion is a neuralgia treatment, timing relative to the procedure and its anesthesia not stated"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06508710",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Severe depression ketamine vs saline with venlafaxine, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05826327",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Labor epidural ropivacaine plus esketamine vs ropivacaine plus sufentanil (sufentanil substitutes)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06726382",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine interaction study, esketamine in all arms"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04084548",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Abdominal surgery factorial ketamine/lidocaine vs placebo; pain, opioid, OBAS, QoR-15 only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02303847",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Chronic pain oral ketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02918318",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD intranasal esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07768618",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04216888",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05105061",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Suicidal ideation IM ketamine vs saline crossover, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07296770",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Transitional pain service vs usual care; no arm assigned ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01260662",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED sedation propofol vs propofol-ketamine mixtures (substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06835504",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric acute pain ketamine vs morphine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03391427",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Liver resection ketamine, lidocaine, both, or saline; opioid, chronic pain, satisfaction outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06228391",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TBI veterans ketamine vs midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04525274",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Sleeve gastrectomy intraperitoneal bupivacaine plus ketamine vs plus saline (and dex); pain outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03633058",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Rett syndrome oral ketamine vs placebo crossover, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07247006",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05060068",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery under propofol-remifentanil GA: S-ketamine 0.5 mg/kg bolus then infusion until 30 min before end of surgery vs saline; bolus timing relative to induction not stated; EPDS day 7 and 3 months (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02295787",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Late-life depression intranasal ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07053345",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03831854",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intraoperative ketamine in both arms; lamotrigine vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03051945",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD ketamine vs saline, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07145775",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Labor epidural dexmedetomidine-esketamine-ropivacaine vs sufentanil-ropivacaine (combination and substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06969937",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Alcohol use disorder ketamine vs saline with neurofeedback, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04701866",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine infusions in both arms; music vs none randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01998958",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD intranasal esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04173962",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Healthy volunteers ketamine vs midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04916548",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06090422",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Depression with alcohol use disorder ketamine vs midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00516503",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Topical baclofen-amitriptyline-ketamine gel vs placebo gel; control differs by three drugs; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04939649",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07153406",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs aripiprazole"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07247968",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Adolescent modified ECT: esketamine vs saline before propofol"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03973268",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Open-label ketamine in all arms; perampanel vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01945047",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05421962",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Colonoscopy sedation ketamine with half-dose propofol vs full-dose propofol (substitution) or fentanyl; pain outcome only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01158820",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bronchoscopy dexmedetomidine plus ketamine vs placebo; control differs by two drugs"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02422303",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Patients with depressive symptoms: ketamine 0.5 mg/kg at induction of GA vs no ketamine; Goldberg depression score at 1 week (primary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06735079",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esmethadone (REL-1017) vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02577250",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06665568",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized open label"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06526078",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All participants on clinical (es)ketamine; cognitive vs sham training randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06388824",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Surgical abortion: esketamine 0.2 mg/kg after the start of surgery vs saline; anesthesia type not stated; postoperative depression POD 1-7 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06367218",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "VATS factorial: esketamine-based opioid-free vs opioid anesthesia (substitution)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03027362",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Clinical ketamine for all before randomization; CBT vs psychoeducation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03644719",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized skills program for ketamine users; no ketamine given"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02442739",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Weekly oral ketamine vs placebo during cancer treatment, not tied to a procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02892916",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Elderly orthopedic surgery: ketamine 0.5 mg/kg bolus after induction vs saline; depression days 7 and 90 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07374198",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery under GA in mildly to severely depressed patients: esketamine 0.3 mg/kg started at induction, completed over 40 min, vs saline; assumed to end before end of surgery; anxiety and depression primary POD 3, 7, 30"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02497287",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05615948",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04834427",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric perioperative S-ketamine vs conventional care; pain and opioid outcomes only (depression only in conditions)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04847245",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Visceral pain with MDD: esketamine plus duloxetine vs pregabalin plus duloxetine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04504175",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02289248",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03088306",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Spine surgery multimodal (acetaminophen, gabapentin, ketamine, diazepam) vs standard analgesia; control differs by several drugs"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05177146",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02461927",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam (with naltrexone factor)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07396220",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Naturalistic esketamine in both arms; brief CBT vs none"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06103760",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02487485",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine at both visits; sirolimus vs placebo randomized"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03852160",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD esketamine vs placebo nasal spray plus oral antidepressant, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06284668",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Oocyte retrieval: esketamine 0.2 mg/kg given before anesthesia vs saline (and remimazolam arm); postoperative depression POD 1-2 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05625555",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Comparator midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02012335",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT with ketamine 0.05 mg/kg vs saline each session; HAM-D primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04691076",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Endoscopy sedation propofol-esketamine vs propofol-fentanyl"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06920576",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Nasal endoscopic surgery: esketamine 0.25 mg/kg 10 min before induction then infusion to end of operation vs saline (and magnesium arm); HADS and Zung SDS POD 1 and 3 (primary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04587778",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "MDD PET/MR crossover esketamine, racemic ketamine, placebo; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03507634",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine in both arms; opioid-free vs opioid-based anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01881763",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT anesthesia ketamine vs methohexital"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04338321",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs quetiapine XR"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03965858",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TRD inhaled esketamine vs placebo, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06914193",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Postherpetic neuralgia: esketamine infusion added to pulsed radiofrequency of DRG; infusion is a neuralgia treatment, timing relative to the procedure and its anesthesia not stated"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06034821",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06658132",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single group"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05229653",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Robotic endometriosis surgery: ketamine 0.6 mg/kg over 30 min in PACU once awake vs placebo; MADRS POD 1, 27, 55, 83 (secondary)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01546051",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "BCI-838 prodrug study in healthy volunteers; no ketamine arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07139106",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open ketamine infusion"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06958393",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (esketamine + dexmedetomidine + esmolol) vs opioid-based anesthesia; no inert control"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03431285",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs morphine for sickle cell crisis in the ED"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03053947",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group intranasal ketamine dose escalation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07839338",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs oral midazolam (active placebo) for depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01544725",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine-propofol vs ketamine alone; both arms get ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05037123",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Breast surgery; ketamine infusion until 2 h after surgery or single dose in PACU vs saline; PROMIS Depression secondary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03756961",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-sparing pathway (esketamine, dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, TENS) vs routine opioid care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02543983",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine infusion, neurobiology of suicide"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03674671",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs ECT crossover in depression; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02544607",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open ketamine with MRI"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04669665",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal ketamine vs placebo for MDD at suicide risk; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06399185",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Transurethral surgery; esketamine 0.25 mg/kg infused over 15 min after anesthesia induction, before surgery, vs saline (2x2 factorial); depression at discharge/day 2 secondary. \"After anesthesia induction\" read as general anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03086148",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Intracranial tumor resection; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg over 40 min from dural opening vs saline; depressive symptom response primary (postop day 3)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04429685",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Healthy volunteers, cardiovascular effects of ketamine vs saline"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07590687",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ICU sedation during mechanical ventilation, not a procedure; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03573349",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Open-label single-group ketamine for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01135758",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine for depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07610343",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Only esketamine arm also gets dexmedetomidine vs saline; outside any procedure too (older adults, sleep/cognition)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03676114",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg before incision then 0.25 mg/kg/h during the operation vs saline; HADS secondary (day 2, 3 months). Bolus before incision read as after induction of general anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02659085",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs ECT non-inferiority; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06138691",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine plus RO DBT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02974010",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline then NRX-101 in bipolar depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06364540",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Nebulized ketamine vs nebulized fentanyl in the ED"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05752110",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Fractional curettage; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg at induction of propofol-fentanyl anesthesia vs saline; POMS total mood score at 120 min after surgery primary (POMS includes depression subscale). Single dose at induction"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05565664",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs magnesium in pediatric adenotonsillectomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00680433",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline added to ECT anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05950646",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Only esketamine arm is a dexmedetomidine-esketamine combination vs saline; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02145169",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group nitrous oxide during ketamine sedation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01548703",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "BCI-838 multiple ascending dose in healthy volunteers; no ketamine arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04101474",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs no ketamine for treatment-resistant depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04103892",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral esketamine vs placebo adjunct for MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04843462",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get esketamine nasal spray; randomized factor is a self-help program"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04154150",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; cognitive vs sham training"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06617039",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Painless gastroscopy under ciprofol sedation in older patients; esketamine 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg given before ciprofol to start induction vs ciprofol alone (no study drug); HADS secondary days 1, 3, 7. Esketamine given while conscious, under sedation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02997722",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline in suicidal inpatients; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00595530",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine infusion for sickle cell pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01870219",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Sevoflurane vs ketamine as ECT anesthesia; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02398136",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal ketamine vs midazolam for PTSD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07680140",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs rTMS for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04471818",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo for depression in advanced cancer palliative care; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06613243",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cesarean; every arm gets esketamine (alone or with dexmedetomidine doses); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03305055",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Burn wound care sessions with fentanyl analgesia, ketamine vs saline; not surgery or a procedure under anesthesia or sedation (PHQ at 37 days)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01667926",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline infusions for chronically suicidal TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03194594",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Laparoscopic gynecologic surgery; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg 5 min after induction; arms K, D (dexamethasone + saline), KD: KD vs D differs only by ketamine vs saline, so D is the control (no saline-only arm); PHQ-9 day 1 primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03473431",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for depression in older people with visual impairment; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06817239",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Elderly major non-cardiac surgery; esketamine bolus after induction and infusion to 40 min before end, plus esketamine in postoperative PCIA, vs saline; HADS at 30 days (sub-study) secondary. PCIA dosing is conscious"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00205712",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; dexmedetomidine vs saline added"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01367119",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs methohexital as ECT anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02593643",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam (active placebo) for suicidal ideation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03185819",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs oral midazolam psychoactive placebo in adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03290963",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All arms get ketamine; lithium vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05506787",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Crohn's enterectomy in patients with mild-moderate depression; esketamine 0.25 mg/kg at general anesthesia induction then 0.12 mg/kg/h intraoperatively vs saline; HAMD-17 day 7 primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02752724",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs methohexital as ECT anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07034950",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine dose finding then esketamine ED95 vs fentanyl for hepatic tumor ablation; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03097133",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo for MDD at suicide risk; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01997515",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Laparoscopic gastric reduction, ketamine vs saline intraoperatively; outcomes QoR-40, opioids, pain, stay; no depression measure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06966518",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Only ketamine arm also gets magnesium vs saline (rhinoplasty); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02669043",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open-label ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06419985",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm oral prolonged-release ketamine for CRPS"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07787858",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (dexmedetomidine + ketamine) vs fentanyl-based anesthesia for discectomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04613453",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam infusions in adolescents at suicide risk"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07034963",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine dose finding then esketamine ED95 vs remifentanil for hysteroscopy; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04657107",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Elective cesarean under combined spinal-epidural; S-ketamine 0.2 or 0.3 mg/kg IV before surgery vs saline; PHQ-9 (days 3, 8, 43) and EPDS (days 3, 8, 43) secondary. Given while conscious under neuraxial anesthesia, before surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04640636",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IM ketamine vs IM midazolam for suicidal ER patients"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02401139",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo for treatment-resistant depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01969227",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-cohort ketamine in ventilated ICU patients"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06778460",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Only esketamine arm also gets lidocaine vs saline (hepatectomy); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04769297",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group sublingual ketamine microdosing in healthcare workers"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01371110",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for OCD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02661061",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam infusions for relapse prevention"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06624878",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery; esketamine 0.2 mg/kg infused after induction of general anesthesia vs saline; depressive symptoms primary (day 3), secondary day 30"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05661669",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline in the ED for alcohol use disorder; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07369102",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get esketamine; integration therapy vs none"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02183272",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal ketamine vs saline for suicidal inpatients; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02048423",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open ketamine in PACU for suicidal adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03861988",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Depressed patients having non-cardiac (orthopedic) surgery; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg over 40 min during surgery vs saline (plus an open-label ketamine arm); MADRS days 1-3 primary. Record never says general vs regional anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01316744",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo for cancer neuropathic pain; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03965871",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Inhaled esketamine vs placebo for bipolar depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03436121",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ED acute pain; ketamine + midazolam vs placebo + midazolam; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02219867",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine infusions for resistant depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04260607",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline in the ED for acutely suicidal patients; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00548964",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized open-label ketamine with lithium or placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05180318",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine 24-36 h before and immediately after surgery vs saline; immune, inflammatory, and clinical outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01613820",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine and scopolamine factorial infusions for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04266288",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline in the ED for depression and suicidal ideation; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05414422",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "PCN-101 (arketamine) vs placebo for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06607029",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free anesthesia (esketamine, dexmedetomidine, local anesthesia) vs opioid-based anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06531837",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized EEG study of esketamine, remifentanil, flurbiprofen in spinal cord injury pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01582945",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open-label ketamine augmentation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05155969",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cardiac surgery; esketamine 0.3 mg/kg infused over 40 min before anesthesia induction vs saline; postoperative depression response rate primary (day 5). Dosed while conscious, before induction"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02418702",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo for suicidal thinking; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05403086",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Psilocybin vs oral ketamine in palliative care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02299440",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline infusions for acute suicidal ideation; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04220125",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Preoperative ketamine vs midazolam active control"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04177706",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for opioid use disorder with depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03156504",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm open-label ketamine biomarker study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03511833",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal ketamine vs IV morphine for traumatic pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05468047",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine experience for therapist trainees"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04011592",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Crossover of two ketamine doses (0.5 vs 0.2 mg/kg) for postpartum depression; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06943859",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine 0.75 mg/kg vs very low dose ketamine 0.1 mg/kg IM for opioid use disorder"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07557576",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free (ketamine + dexmedetomidine) vs fentanyl-based anesthesia for pediatric cleft surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03609190",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "S-ketamine vs saline crossover neuroimaging in MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04576975",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bariatric surgery; ketamine vs dexmedetomidine vs saline infusions; analgesia and side effects only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04751175",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Lumbar arthrodesis; ketamine, dexamethasone, both, or saline; opioid use, PONV, pain at 3 months, side effects only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02033707",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Healthy volunteers given hallucinogens including ketamine or placebo; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02882711",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group naturalistic ketamine infusions"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01501786",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric cardiac catheterization sedation; ketamine arms get less propofol by design than propofol + saline control, so care differs; outcome is respiratory depression, no depression measure either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07247370",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine-enhanced CBT pilot"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01700829",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for suicidal depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04771767",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine plus online CBT for PTSD vs usual care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06781697",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; VR headset vs none"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02078817",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open-label ketamine in adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05945147",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Outpatient ketamine + midazolam vs midazolam + saline infusions for CRPS; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04227704",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Cesarean; ketamine 0.5 mg/kg SC or 40-min IV infusion shortly after delivery vs saline; EPDS primary (day 42) and days 1, 2, 21, 42. Intraoperative pain NRS shows mothers awake (neuraxial)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07131033",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy 2x2 factorial esketamine/magnesium vs saline; fatigue, QoR-15, pain, sedation; no depression measure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03113968",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT vs ketamine infusions for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06213324",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline neuroimaging in MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05321160",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs sevoflurane added to dexmedetomidine sedation in children"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02532153",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group open-label ketamine MRI study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02122562",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine neuroimaging study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00419003",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All patients get ketamine; lamotrigine and riluzole vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06432322",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine nasal spray vs saline crossover neuroimaging; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05910775",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Allocation not randomized (N/A); expectancy presentation vs usual care during esketamine treatment"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05518877",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine over 15 vs 30 min in the ED; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01507181",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for suicidal ideation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02422186",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo plus oral antidepressant in elderly TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06480201",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized saline and ketamine infusions, gamma oscillations"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03312894",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "TAK-653 vs placebo in ketamine responders and nonresponders; ketamine not a randomized arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06001372",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine-assisted psychotherapy in GI cancer"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06069843",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm open-label ketamine in mild cognitive impairment"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04666623",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo for chronic cancer pain; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04414943",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Childbirth in women with prenatal depression; S-ketamine 0.2 mg/kg infused over 40 min after giving birth vs saline; depression incidence at 42 days primary, scores day 7 and 42. Given after birth, then monitored 60 min and sent to the ward: no general anesthesia described, so conscious"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03666390",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for severe depression and suicide"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05464979",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs midazolam-fentanyl induction for ICU intubation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02196259",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine fMRI study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03124680",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized opioid-free (with ketamine) vs opioid anesthesia in obese patients"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04476446",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm expanded access esketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02397889",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam infusions for PTSD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06373627",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine (hypnosis + lower dose vs conventional sedation with midazolam) for chest drain removal"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01724983",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bariatric surgery; ketamine vs fentanyl at induction"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05383313",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Psilocybin vs oral ketamine vs midazolam for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07212946",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ayahuasca vs oral esketamine for major depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06994559",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All get ketamine for chronic pain; randomized music conditions"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02165449",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine biomarker study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06788249",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine glutamate imaging pilot"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05803551",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for depressed ICU patients after a week in ICU; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04850937",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery; esketamine 0.25 mg/kg slowly IV after anesthesia induction vs saline; depression score at 3 months primary"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02610712",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02836288",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs placebo for depression in cancer patients; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05026203",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for difficult-to-treat depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03052673",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Bariatric surgery; ketamine + fentanyl vs fentanyl alone; analgesia and recovery outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03658330",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine plus naltrexone"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06317636",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline given under propofol sedation to patients with chronic pain and depression; sedation is only for the infusion, no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05473949",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ERCP sedation with ketofol vs propofol (near-identical propofol); outcomes respiratory depression, hypotension, satisfaction, psychotomimetic effects; no depression measure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04095455",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery; only ketamine arm also gets magnesium (vs saline or pectoral block); no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02430818",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs morphine for fracture pain in the ED"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01627782",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs placebo infusions for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06821087",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm IM ketamine for long COVID"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01558063",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine doses vs saline with MRI in MDD; no procedure under anesthesia or sedation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07716098",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine nasal spray vs placebo for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01179009",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine (100-hour vs 40-minute infusion)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05016128",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Video-assisted thoracic surgery; S-ketamine 0.25 mg/kg bolus and 0.125 mg/kg/h infusion during surgery vs saline; depression scale up to day 2 secondary. Thoracoscopic surgery read as general anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04022226",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs methohexital induction for ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01441505",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline or midazolam crossover for depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07002801",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Remimazolam + esketamine vs remimazolam + remifentanil for endoscopy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03149991",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get intranasal ketamine; brexpiprazole vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05907213",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine dose escalation after cesarean"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05655754",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine/propofol vs methohexital anesthesia for ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02452060",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Gastric bypass/gastrectomy; single postoperative ketamine 0.4 mg/kg vs saline; outcomes pain and stay only (depression only listed as a condition)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05604794",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Retrospective single-group ketamine-assisted psychotherapy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07198711",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Arms and interventions are propofol sedation protocols in healthy volunteers; ketamine appears only in the official title"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05045378",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam active placebo in adolescents with TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07088380",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline after propofol induction during ECT sessions"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00749203",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam crossover for PTSD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01825083",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Deep propofol-fentanyl sedation; ketamine vs saline; outcome hypoventilation only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04646694",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Postoperative oral ketamine 30 mg every 8 h for 3 days vs placebo; secondary outcome \"Mood\" at day 3 (scale unnamed) counted as a depression measure. Dosed while awake after surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07868913",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IM ketamine vs placebo (factorial with crisis planning) in the ED for suicidality; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04658420",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine, music, both, or usual care for suicidal ideation; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05957302",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs fentanyl bolus in septic shock"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05172739",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free multimodal anesthesia (ketamine, dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, magnesium, pregabalin) vs opioid-based for VATS lobectomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06383273",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Cataract surgery sedation; sublingual midazolam + ketamine vs midazolam vs placebo (midazolam arm controls for ketamine); sedation and safety outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04613869",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Tumor surgery; esketamine 5 or 2.5 mg IV after the operation plus esketamine in hydromorphone PCIA vs PCIA without esketamine; depression at 24 and 72 h secondary. Postoperative and pump dosing"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06968624",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs saline plus duloxetine for postherpetic neuralgia with depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03256162",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam infusions for depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02987985",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free (ketamine, lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, gabapentin) vs opioid-sparing anesthesia for pediatric tonsillectomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01169025",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs fentanyl for aeromedical trauma pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04938713",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs esketamine crossover for fibromyalgia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02587130",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group SC ketamine for painful wound care in palliative care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04081909",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free (ketamine + dexmedetomidine) vs opioid-based anesthesia for cleft surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04760652",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "CBT vs usual care after esketamine; ketamine is not a randomized arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03065335",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline crossover with imaging in MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06774274",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine continuous infusion vs ketamine PCA after orthopedic surgery; both arms ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07569198",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam with DBT for suicidality"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06231563",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs remimazolam active placebo in Parkinson's disease depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04873479",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Septic patients having abdominal surgery; S-ketamine vs saline with anesthesia; pulmonary and inflammatory outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03380442",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Psilocybin vs intranasal ketamine vs no treatment for severe depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06428838",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Eptinezumab plus standard ED care vs standard care for migraine; ketamine only possible within standard care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06767566",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine PK study after cesarean and in healthy controls"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02579642",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Low-dose ketamine vs saline added to propofol anesthesia for ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03237286",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine or saline with cognitive or sham training for depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07597486",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Elderly surgery; esketamine 0.2 mg/kg 30 min before end of operation vs saline; pruritus, pain, sleep, cognition, delirium only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04837170",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Open-label pragmatic surgery trial under general anesthesia; conventional care plus S-ketamine (bolus before incision, intraoperative infusion, or postoperative infusion 24-48 h) vs conventional care without it (no study drug); HADS at 48 h secondary. Postoperative infusion option is conscious dosing"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01309581",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs methohexital anesthesia for ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06968546",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal sufentanil vs intranasal ketamine for pediatric trauma pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03396601",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for suicidal bipolar depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02133001",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo for MDD at suicide risk; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04592809",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for adolescent suicidality"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05458453",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Thoracoscopic surgery; postoperative PCIA with esketamine + sufentanil vs sufentanil; respiratory, pain, pulmonary outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02417064",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo plus oral antidepressant for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07408193",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Lidocaine + ketamine vs midazolam active placebo for cancer pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04777110",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs saline before propofol in modified ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04220489",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Lumbar spine surgery in opioid-tolerant patients; ketamine 1 mg/kg 15 min after induction then 0.2 mg/kg/h until 48 h after surgery vs saline; emotional distress related to depression at day 10-14 and 6 weeks secondary. Infusion runs 48 h after waking"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04578938",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine or no infusion with cognitive or sham training after suicide attempt in medical inpatients; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07563868",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm coaching during ketamine maintenance"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06620276",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine-assisted ACT feasibility"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06957704",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "SC ketamine vs midazolam in adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03927378",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Childbirth in women with prenatal depression; S-ketamine 0.2 mg/kg over 40 min after giving birth vs saline; depression incidence at 42 days primary, scores day 7 and 42. Given after birth, then monitored 60 min and sent to the ward: no general anesthesia described, so conscious"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03721900",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized sequential ketamine patch PK study"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03039192",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo for MDD at suicide risk; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03367533",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; perampanel vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04850911",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline, reward learning in depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03336398",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine and saline for tinnitus (allocation N/A)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03889756",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam infusions in adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04399070",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Propofol plus saline, ketamine, or S-ketamine before ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05344625",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for cancer distress"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05323019",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get intranasal esketamine; therapy vs usual care"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04987372",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Multimodal (ketamine, dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, magnesium, pregabalin) vs opioid protocol in cardiac surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05837000",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Caudal bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine, ketamine, or magnesium; no plain-bupivacaine arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05019885",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine for drug-resistant epilepsy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02673372",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs morphine for geriatric ED pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02418195",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized ketamine in MDD groups, miRNA biomarkers"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04664530",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs saline for postherpetic neuralgia; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03102736",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; nitroprusside vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05732064",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Breast cancer surgery; only esketamine arm is nasal dexmedetomidine + esketamine vs saline; sleep outcomes, no depression measure either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04099771",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine for suicidal ideation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02766192",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline with psychotherapy for PTSD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06108830",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Gastroenteroscopy under propofol; esketamine, remimazolam, both, or saline; sleep disturbance and anxiety, no depression measure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02467517",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine, magnesium, placebo crossover for neuropathic pain; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04388774",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine in children with ADNP syndrome"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03977675",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three ketamine doses compared; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05591001",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine + dexmedetomidine vs propofol infusion in tethered cord surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02373449",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine infusions with fMRI for neuropathic pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05635955",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Remimazolam vs propofol, both with esketamine, for abortion"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02378415",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine bolus vs saline for acute depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06066879",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized preoperative ketamine cohort before revision spine surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06060210",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "unclear",
  "note": "Lumbo-peritoneal shunt insertion; ketamine (50 ml at 1 mg/ml) vs saline; postoperative depression response rate at day 3 primary. Record gives neither timing nor anesthesia type"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06832683",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Propofol-ketamine vs sevoflurane for pediatric MRI sedation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05554627",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs aripiprazole for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07227454",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs oral midazolam psychoactive placebo in adolescents"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06315959",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Erector spinae plane block vs control in cardiac surgery; no ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03470675",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Vaginal delivery with obstetric anal sphincter injury; epidural morphine + IV ketamine 0.3 mg/kg vs epidural morphine + IV saline (differs only by ketamine); postpartum depression at 1 and 6 weeks and PROMIS depressive symptoms at 3 months secondary. Given after delivery to awake women with epidurals"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04997967",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Urgent ERCP sedation with ketofol vs propofol titrated to the same target; sedation and hemodynamic outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01046630",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "AZD6765 vs ketamine vs placebo pharmacoMRI in MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00163969",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine as rescue analgesia in the recovery room (arms not listed); pain, opioid, recovery, adverse events only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02305394",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "ect",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine + propofol vs propofol + saline for ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01868802",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05922605",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Pediatric hypospadias; caudal ropivacaine + S-ketamine vs ropivacaine + saline; analgesia outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01535976",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Deep sedation; ketamine vs saline infusion; hypoventilation only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04285684",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group ketamine pharmacokinetics in breast milk"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06511908",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_ketamine_arm",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "(2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (a metabolite) vs placebo; no ketamine, esketamine, or arketamine arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02418585",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal esketamine vs placebo plus oral antidepressant for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06310785",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine-based opioid-free anesthesia vs sufentanil/remifentanil for thoracoscopic surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01887990",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline for suicidal ideation; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01306760",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs propofol as ECT anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02083926",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline crossover for social anxiety disorder; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05786066",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "All get ketamine; perampanel vs placebo"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07396272",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm oral prolonged-release ketamine add-on for MDD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06431386",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get esketamine; behavioural activation vs none"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07556172",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ICU sepsis ventilation; esketamine vs remifentanil, both with midazolam"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05603975",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Severe burn dressing change under procedural sedation (sedation complications, Ramsay, \"after the patient wakes up\"); esketamine 0.1 mg/kg IV 1 min before dressing change vs saline; incidence of early depression at day 3 secondary. Dosed under sedation, not general anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05874245",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral dexmedetomidine vs ketamine vs midazolam premedication for pediatric adenotonsillectomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05603104",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intensified pharmacotherapy (antidepressant + esketamine) vs usual antidepressant switch for MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT01686009",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm intranasal ketamine for ED pain"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03960658",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine with prolonged exposure for PTSD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06048263",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm case series of SC ketamine and IPT after cesarean"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05991232",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm open-label ketamine imaging"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02037503",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Oral ketamine vs placebo for suicidal ideation and resistant depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04599855",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine nasal spray vs placebo monotherapy for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02525978",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Non-randomized observational HRV study around clinical ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04871425",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs fentanyl with midazolam for surgical abortion"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03788694",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm intranasal ketamine in veterans"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06608030",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Cardiac valve surgery under general anesthesia; single esketamine 0.3 mg/kg during induction vs saline; perioperative depression and anxiety primary (days 7, 30). Single dose at induction"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05051449",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine for OUD with depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07824973",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; psychedelic vs biomedical framing"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07801703",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine; behavioural activation vs none"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06736769",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine in eating disorders"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06331182",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs dexmedetomidine as block adjuvant for thoracotomy"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07781462",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs dexmedetomidine for delirium in heart failure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06355180",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "IV esketamine vs ECT for suicidal ideation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04009759",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Morphine vs S-ketamine vs saline during in-hospital CPR; not surgery or a procedure under anesthesia; no depression outcome either"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07639099",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "After childbirth; only esketamine arm is intranasal esketamine + dexmedetomidine vs saline"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03539887",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intranasal ketamine vs saline for suicidal ideation with alcohol abuse; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05217706",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline in the ED for adolescent depression; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07374458",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Elderly thoracic surgery 2x2 factorial; esketamine 1 min before induction vs placebo, with leg elevation; hemodynamic, pain, recovery outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04698434",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Three esketamine doses for pediatric circumcision; no inert arm"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07269964",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm at-home tDCS after ECT, rTMS, or esketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT03742557",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs saline then ketamine for TRD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04814381",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine + magnesium vs hydroxyzine for cluster headache"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07603596",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Opioid-free (esketamine + dexmedetomidine) vs opioid-based anesthesia in elderly GI surgery"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05522673",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-group PET imaging before and after ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06745388",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_depression_outcome",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Hysteroscopy; IV ketamine vs magnesium vs nothing intraoperatively; pain and opioid outcomes only"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06543563",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "some",
  "note": "Deep brain stimulation surgery with microelectrode recording under dexmedetomidine sedation; esketamine vs saline infusion after craniotomy until electrode implantation (both arms dexmedetomidine); depression at 30 days secondary. Dosed under sedation, not general anesthesia"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06784388",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm DBS for depression with intraoperative esketamine test"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT04597320",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Esketamine vs fentanyl with midazolam for pediatric dental sedation"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05973851",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_perioperative",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Intensified pharmacotherapy (antidepressant + esketamine) vs usual antidepressant switch for MDD; no procedure"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02360280",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine (six infusions vs one after midazolam)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06620042",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm open-label ketamine fMRI in bipolar depression"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07526454",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "ECT vs IV ketamine for TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT00646087",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Both arms get ketamine (six vs two infusions with saline in between)"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02094898",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm acute and maintenance ketamine"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02556606",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine doses vs midazolam for late-life TRD"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT05950711",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine-assisted MBCT pilot"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT07099534",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "not_randomized",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Single-arm ketamine for borderline personality disorder"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT02414932",
  "eligible": false,
  "exclusion_reason": "no_inert_control",
  "conscious_dosing": null,
  "note": "Ketamine vs midazolam for relapse prevention after ECT"
 },
 {
  "nct": "NCT06778811",
  "eligible": true,
  "exclusion_reason": null,
  "conscious_dosing": "none",
  "note": "Cardiac surgery; intraoperative esketamine 0.3 mg/kg/h infusion vs saline (and a dexmedetomidine arm); anxiety and depression at days 1 and 3 secondary. Infusion during surgery under general anesthesia"
 }
]