{"protocolSection":{"identificationModule":{"nctId":"NCT04798664","orgStudyIdInfo":{"id":"UPCC 12519"},"organization":{"fullName":"Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine","class":"OTHER"},"briefTitle":"Comparing Smoking Cessation Interventions Among Underserved Patients Referred for Lung Cancer Screening","officialTitle":"Comparing Smoking Cessation Interventions Among Underserved Patients Referred for Lung Cancer Screening"},"statusModule":{"statusVerifiedDate":"2026-02","overallStatus":"COMPLETED","expandedAccessInfo":{"hasExpandedAccess":false},"startDateStruct":{"date":"2021-05-17","type":"ACTUAL"},"primaryCompletionDateStruct":{"date":"2024-11-04","type":"ACTUAL"},"completionDateStruct":{"date":"2025-04-29","type":"ACTUAL"},"studyFirstSubmitDate":"2021-03-11","studyFirstSubmitQcDate":"2021-03-11","studyFirstPostDateStruct":{"date":"2021-03-15","type":"ACTUAL"},"resultsFirstSubmitDate":"2025-10-21","resultsFirstSubmitQcDate":"2026-02-23","resultsFirstPostDateStruct":{"date":"2026-02-25","type":"ACTUAL"},"lastUpdateSubmitDate":"2026-02-23","lastUpdatePostDateStruct":{"date":"2026-02-25","type":"ACTUAL"}},"sponsorCollaboratorsModule":{"responsibleParty":{"type":"SPONSOR"},"leadSponsor":{"name":"Abramson Cancer Center at Penn Medicine","class":"OTHER"},"collaborators":[{"name":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute","class":"OTHER"}]},"oversightModule":{"oversightHasDmc":true,"isFdaRegulatedDrug":false,"isFdaRegulatedDevice":false},"descriptionModule":{"briefSummary":"To compare the effectiveness of four interventions to promote sustained, biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence for 6 months among underserved smokers referred for lung cancer screening at four large U.S. health systems.","detailedDescription":"We will conduct a 4-arm randomized trial comparing 4 interventions to promote sustained, biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence for 6 months among smokers in underserved demographic groups. The 3,200 participants to be enrolled will be current smokers who are Black, Hispanic, and/or have low socioeconomic status (defined as household income \\<200% of the federal poverty line or a high school education or less) or rural residence who are referred for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening at 4 large health systems. All adult patients with LDCT orders will be further screened for eligibility. Eligible patients will enroll with opt-out consent and complete the study using the NIH-funded Way to Health online research portal. The primary outcome will be biochemically confirmed, sustained abstinence from smoking tobacco for 6 months following participants' selected quit dates. Relapse rates will be tracked at 12 months."},"conditionsModule":{"conditions":["Smoking Cessation"],"keywords":["Patients, Underserved","Early Detection of Cancer","Lung Cancer","Nicotine Replacement Products","Incentives","Behavioral Economics","Smoking Cessation","Nicotine Dependence"]},"designModule":{"studyType":"INTERVENTIONAL","phases":["NA"],"designInfo":{"allocation":"RANDOMIZED","interventionModel":"PARALLEL","interventionModelDescription":"This is a prospective randomized controlled trial using opt-out consent with longitudinal follow-up of patients over 12 months. Based on the expected accrual at each of the four health systems, we expect that overall there will be 470 participants in basic usual care (Arm 1), and 910 participants in each of intervention arms 2-4.","primaryPurpose":"TREATMENT","maskingInfo":{"masking":"SINGLE","whoMasked":["OUTCOMES_ASSESSOR"]}},"enrollmentInfo":{"count":3228,"type":"ACTUAL"}},"armsInterventionsModule":{"armGroups":[{"label":"Basic Usual Care","type":"NO_INTERVENTION","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"label":"Enhanced Usual Care","type":"ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.","interventionNames":["Behavioral: Removal of Financial Barriers"]},{"label":"Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives","type":"ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.","interventionNames":["Behavioral: Removal of Financial Barriers","Behavioral: Financial Incentives"]},{"label":"Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives plus Mobile Health Application","type":"ACTIVE_COMPARATOR","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.","interventionNames":["Behavioral: Removal of Financial Barriers","Behavioral: Financial Incentives","Behavioral: Mobile Health Application"]}],"interventions":[{"type":"BEHAVIORAL","name":"Removal of Financial Barriers","description":"Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications","armGroupLabels":["Enhanced Usual Care","Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives","Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives plus Mobile Health Application"],"otherNames":["NRT","Pharmacotherapy"]},{"type":"BEHAVIORAL","name":"Financial Incentives","description":"Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.","armGroupLabels":["Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives","Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives plus Mobile Health Application"],"otherNames":["Incentives"]},{"type":"BEHAVIORAL","name":"Mobile Health Application","description":"Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future","armGroupLabels":["Enhanced Usual Care plus Financial Incentives plus Mobile Health Application"],"otherNames":["FutureMe"]}]},"outcomesModule":{"primaryOutcomes":[{"measure":"Biochemically Confirmed Smoking Abstinence Sustained for 6 Months","description":"The primary outcome measure is sustained abstinence for 6 months, and will require self-report of smoking cessation followed by biochemical confirmation at 2 weeks, 3, and 6 months.","timeFrame":"6 months"}],"secondaryOutcomes":[{"measure":"Quit Status (Biochemically Confirmed)","description":"Rates of sustained biochemically confirmed smoking cessation","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 12 months"},{"measure":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","timeFrame":"Baseline"},{"measure":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","timeFrame":"Baseline"},{"measure":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","timeFrame":"Baseline"},{"measure":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","timeFrame":"Baseline"},{"measure":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","timeFrame":"Baseline"},{"measure":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","timeFrame":"6 months"},{"measure":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","timeFrame":"6 months"},{"measure":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","timeFrame":"6 months"},{"measure":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","timeFrame":"6 months"},{"measure":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","timeFrame":"6 months"},{"measure":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","timeFrame":"12 months"},{"measure":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","timeFrame":"12 months"},{"measure":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","timeFrame":"12 months"},{"measure":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","timeFrame":"12 months"},{"measure":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","timeFrame":"12 months"},{"measure":"Self-report Cigarette Abstinence","description":"Rates of sustained self-reported cigarette abstinence","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months"},{"measure":"Self-report Other Tobacco Abstinence","description":"Rates of sustained self-reported other tobacco abstinence","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months"}]},"eligibilityModule":{"eligibilityCriteria":"Inclusion Criteria:\n\n* Current smoker (≥ 1 cigarettes per day, not including e-cigarettes)\n* Has a low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan ordered by their physician\n* Underserved, defined as one or more of the following: (a) Black, (b) Hispanic, (c) rural residence, or (d) low socioeconomic status (Defined as one or both of: high-school education or less, or household income \\<200% of the federal poverty line)\n* Able to receive study invitation and screening, by virtue of showing up to a radiology location affiliated with a participating health system for the LDCT, or having a valid email address or telephone number on file with the health system\n* Access to a cell phone with text messaging or the internet\n* Aged 18 years or older\n\nExclusion Criteria:\n\n* No cell phone","healthyVolunteers":false,"sex":"ALL","minimumAge":"18 Years","stdAges":["ADULT","OLDER_ADULT"]},"contactsLocationsModule":{"overallOfficials":[{"name":"Scott D Halpern, MD PhD","affiliation":"University of Pennsylvania","role":"PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR"}],"locations":[{"facility":"Kaiser Permanente Southern California","city":"Oakland","state":"California","zip":"94612","country":"United States","geoPoint":{"lat":37.80437,"lon":-122.2708}},{"facility":"Henry Ford Health System","city":"Detroit","state":"Michigan","zip":"48202","country":"United States","geoPoint":{"lat":42.33143,"lon":-83.04575}},{"facility":"Geisinger","city":"Danville","state":"Pennsylvania","zip":"17822","country":"United States","geoPoint":{"lat":40.96342,"lon":-76.61273}},{"facility":"Lancaster General Health","city":"Lancaster","state":"Pennsylvania","zip":"17601","country":"United States","geoPoint":{"lat":40.03788,"lon":-76.30551}},{"facility":"University of Pennsylvania","city":"Philadelphia","state":"Pennsylvania","zip":"19104","country":"United States","geoPoint":{"lat":39.95238,"lon":-75.16362}}]},"referencesModule":{"references":[{"pmid":"42832220","type":"DERIVED","citation":"Hart JL, Vachani A, Neslund-Dudas CM, Gould MK, Facktor MA, Blady S, Bayes BA, Sheu D, Madden VL, Ferrante EB, Patel N, Tian J, Whitman C, Creekmur B, Kohn R, Simoff MJ, Volpp KG, Small D, Scott ME, Holm AL, Stephens Shields AJ, Halpern SD. Smoking Cessation Among Underserved Patients Referred for Lung Cancer Screening: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2026 Oct 5. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.17192. Online ahead of print."},{"pmid":"34384042","type":"DERIVED","citation":"Kohn R, Vachani A, Small D, Stephens-Shields AJ, Sheu D, Madden VL, Bayes BA, Chowdhury M, Friday S, Kim J, Gould MK, Ismail MH, Creekmur B, Facktor MA, Collins C, Blessing KK, Neslund-Dudas CM, Simoff MJ, Alleman ER, Epstein LH, Horst MA, Scott ME, Volpp KG, Halpern SD, Hart JL; Stakeholder Advisory Committee. Comparing Smoking Cessation Interventions among Underserved Patients Referred for Lung Cancer Screening: A Pragmatic Trial Protocol. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Feb;19(2):303-314. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202104-499SD."}]},"ipdSharingStatementModule":{"ipdSharing":"YES","description":"Individual participant data that underlie published results will be made available to other researchers, after de-identification.","infoTypes":["STUDY_PROTOCOL","SAP"],"timeFrame":"Beginning 9 months after publication and up to 36 months following publication. After 36 months the data will be available in our University's data warehouse but without support, except for deposited metadata.","accessCriteria":"Proposals for data use will be reviewed by Principal Investigator and independent review board (such as the Data and Safety Monitoring Board). Approved requestors will need to sign data use agreements to access and use data.","url":"https://www.pair.upenn.edu"}},"resultsSection":{"participantFlowModule":{"preAssignmentDetails":"Eligible patients had the opportunity to review frequently asked questions and opt out of enrollment. Patients who neither opted out nor clicked 'Complete' to be randomized received an email and/or text message after 14 days, instructing them to notify the team if they did not wish to participate; otherwise, the patient was randomized three days later. This process was called 'last chance to opt out' (LCOO; 03/17/22-01/08/24).","recruitmentDetails":"Virtual outreach: 05/17/21-01/17/24. Potentially eligible patients received text messages and/or emails inviting them to complete an eligibility survey. Clinic outreach: 05/17/21-01/17/24. Patients who had not yet completed eligibility screening were handed an iPad with the enrollment URL when coming in for their LCDT appointment. Enrollment concluded on 01/31/24.","groups":[{"id":"FG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"FG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"FG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"FG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"periods":[{"title":"Overall Study","milestones":[{"type":"STARTED","achievements":[{"groupId":"FG000","numSubjects":"605"},{"groupId":"FG001","numSubjects":"889"},{"groupId":"FG002","numSubjects":"889"},{"groupId":"FG003","numSubjects":"845"}]},{"type":"COMPLETED","achievements":[{"groupId":"FG000","numSubjects":"605"},{"groupId":"FG001","numSubjects":"883"},{"groupId":"FG002","numSubjects":"888"},{"groupId":"FG003","numSubjects":"844"}]},{"type":"NOT COMPLETED","achievements":[{"groupId":"FG000","numSubjects":"0"},{"groupId":"FG001","numSubjects":"6"},{"groupId":"FG002","numSubjects":"1"},{"groupId":"FG003","numSubjects":"1"}]}],"dropWithdraws":[{"type":"Death","reasons":[{"groupId":"FG000","numSubjects":"0"},{"groupId":"FG001","numSubjects":"6"},{"groupId":"FG002","numSubjects":"1"},{"groupId":"FG003","numSubjects":"1"}]}]}]},"baselineCharacteristicsModule":{"groups":[{"id":"BG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"BG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"BG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"BG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"},{"id":"BG004","title":"Total","description":"Total of all reporting groups"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"889"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"889"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"845"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"3228"}]}],"measures":[{"title":"Age, Continuous","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"STANDARD_DEVIATION","unitOfMeasure":"years","classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"60.9","spread":"6.38"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"61.6","spread":"6.70"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"61.6","spread":"6.37"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"61.7","spread":"6.69"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"61.5","spread":"6.55"}]}]}]},{"title":"Sex/Gender, Customized","description":"Gender collected from survey (participant reported)","paramType":"NUMBER","unitOfMeasure":"participants","classes":[{"title":"Woman","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"337"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"434"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"440"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"411"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1622"}]}]},{"title":"Man","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"184"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"283"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"279"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"255"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1001"}]}]},{"title":"Self-describe","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"1"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"1"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"5"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"9"}]}]},{"title":"Missing","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"83"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"170"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"169"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"174"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"596"}]}]}]},{"title":"Sex: Female, Male","description":"Sex collected from EHR","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","classes":[{"categories":[{"title":"Female","measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"384"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"521"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"530"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"513"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1948"}]},{"title":"Male","measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"221"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"368"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"359"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"332"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1280"}]}]}]},{"title":"Race/Ethnicity, Customized","description":"Question asked if they are Hispanic, Latino/a/x, or of Spanish origin","paramType":"NUMBER","unitOfMeasure":"participants","classes":[{"title":"No","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"581"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"803"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"801"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"756"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"2941"}]}]},{"title":"Yes-Cuban","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"1"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"4"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"8"}]}]},{"title":"Yes-Mexican","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"38"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"44"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"44"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"129"}]}]},{"title":"Yes-Puerto Rican","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"18"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"18"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"24"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"26"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"86"}]}]},{"title":"Yes-Other","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"27"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"19"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"15"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"64"}]}]}]},{"title":"Race/Ethnicity, Customized","paramType":"NUMBER","unitOfMeasure":"participants","classes":[{"title":"American Indian or Alaskan Native","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"10"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"6"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"18"}]}]},{"title":"Asian or Asian American","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"26"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"25"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"23"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"77"}]}]},{"title":"Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"4"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"8"}]}]},{"title":"Black or African American","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"154"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"238"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"224"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"207"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"823"}]}]},{"title":"White or Caucasian","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"425"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"552"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"583"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"549"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"2109"}]}]},{"title":"Multiple","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"13"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"22"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"13"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"20"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"68"}]}]},{"title":"Other","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"9"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"36"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"35"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"38"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"118"}]}]},{"title":"Decline","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"1"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"7"}]}]}]},{"title":"Education","paramType":"NUMBER","unitOfMeasure":"participants","classes":[{"title":"Did not graduate from high 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9/18/2022","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"335"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"522"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"517"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"514"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1888"}]}]}]},{"title":"Insurance","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","classes":[{"title":"Commercial","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"310"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"453"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"468"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"437"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1668"}]}]},{"title":"Medicaid","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"95"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"119"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"105"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"94"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"413"}]}]},{"title":"Medicare","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"198"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"315"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"313"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"309"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"1135"}]}]},{"title":"Self-pay","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"0"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"1"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"3"}]}]},{"title":"Missing","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"2"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"3"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"9"}]}]}]},{"title":"Have Smartphone with Internet","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","classes":[{"title":"Yes","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"503"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"744"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"742"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"700"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"2689"}]}]},{"title":"No","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"102"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"145"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"147"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"145"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"539"}]}]}]},{"title":"Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (van Walraven)","description":"The van Walraven weighted Elixhauser score ranges from -19 to 89. This score is based on ICD10 codes of diagnoses active on the problem list before enrollment or diagnoses in billing in any encounters in the last 365 days before enrollment. The total weighted score is calculated by summing up weighted scores from 30 comorbidity groups as defined by van Walraven et al. (2009). A higher score indicates a greater disease burden and a higher risk of adverse outcomes. Only reported weighted score, not subscores.","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"STANDARD_DEVIATION","unitOfMeasure":"units on a scale","classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"BG000","value":"3.60","spread":"7.58"},{"groupId":"BG001","value":"3.11","spread":"7.27"},{"groupId":"BG002","value":"3.31","spread":"7.50"},{"groupId":"BG003","value":"3.57","spread":"6.63"},{"groupId":"BG004","value":"3.38","spread":"7.24"}]}]}]}]},"outcomeMeasuresModule":{"outcomeMeasures":[{"type":"PRIMARY","title":"Biochemically Confirmed Smoking Abstinence Sustained for 6 Months","description":"The primary outcome measure is sustained abstinence for 6 months, and will require self-report of smoking cessation followed by biochemical confirmation at 2 weeks, 3, and 6 months.","populationDescription":"Seven participants passed away prior to their quit ate assessment. One participant passed away after their 2-week lab assessment.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians."},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner."}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"26"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"45"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"78"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"61"}]}]}],"analyses":[{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.797","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"-0.02","ciUpperLimit":"0.02"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.001","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.04","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"0.01","ciUpperLimit":"0.06"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.052","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"0.00","ciUpperLimit":"0.04"},{"groupIds":["OG001","OG002"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.001","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.04","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"0.01","ciUpperLimit":"0.06"},{"groupIds":["OG001","OG003"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.059","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"0.00","ciUpperLimit":"0.04"},{"groupIds":["OG002","OG003"],"nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.167","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"-0.02","ciPctValue":"95","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED","ciLowerLimit":"-0.04","ciUpperLimit":"0.01"}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Quit Status (Biochemically Confirmed)","description":"Rates of sustained biochemically confirmed smoking cessation","populationDescription":"Seven participants passed away prior to their quit date assessment. One participant passed away after their 2-week lab assessment.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"2 weeks","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"58"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"85"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"133"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"90"}]}]},{"title":"3 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"37"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"56"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"100"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"74"}]}]},{"title":"12 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"23"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"35"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"62"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"40"}]}]}],"analyses":[{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"2 weeks","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.971","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"2 weeks","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.002","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.06","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.559","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.858","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.002","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.05","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.113","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.647","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"-0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.033","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.685","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"Baseline","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"507"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"696"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"698"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"658"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Raw Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"10.0","spread":"3.66"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"9.76","spread":"3.68"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"9.47","spread":"3.75"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"9.70","spread":"3.81"}]}]},{"title":"Weighted Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"0.637","spread":"0.302"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"0.662","spread":"0.300"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"0.678","spread":"0.307"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"0.655","spread":"0.317"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"Baseline","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"478"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"667"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"664"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"624"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Total","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"49.4","spread":"10.2"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"49.3","spread":"11.1"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"49.3","spread":"11.5"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"49.2","spread":"11.7"}]}]},{"title":"Internal","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"24.4","spread":"5.47"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"24.6","spread":"5.76"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"24.5","spread":"5.84"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"24.5","spread":"6.19"}]}]},{"title":"External","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"25.0","spread":"6.27"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"24.7","spread":"6.77"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"24.8","spread":"6.98"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"24.7","spread":"6.79"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"Baseline","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"506"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"700"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"700"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"183"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"21.1","spread":"7.89"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"20.8","spread":"7.45"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"21.3","spread":"7.40"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"20.9","spread":"7.71"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"Baseline","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"509"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"707"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"710"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"670"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"No, not thinking of quitting","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"30"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"42"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"45"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"49"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 6 months","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"209"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"332"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"346"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"295"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 30 days","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"270"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"333"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"319"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"326"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"k value","timeFrame":"Baseline","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"470"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"632"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"643"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"589"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"1.94","spread":"6.04"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"1.67","spread":"5.69"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"2.20","spread":"6.43"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"1.84","spread":"5.94"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"236"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"340"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"355"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"287"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Raw Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"10.1","spread":"3.61"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"9.66","spread":"3.86"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"9.62","spread":"3.72"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"9.81","spread":"3.89"}]}]},{"title":"Weighted Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"0.626","spread":"0.299"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"0.664","spread":"0.316"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"0.667","spread":"0.304"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"0.650","spread":"0.313"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"230"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"332"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"349"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"278"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Total","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"44.9","spread":"12.0"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"45.6","spread":"11.9"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"44.5","spread":"12.1"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"42.8","spread":"12.0"}]}]},{"title":"Internal","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"22.2","spread":"6.30"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"22.5","spread":"6.28"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"22.1","spread":"6.46"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"21.4","spread":"6.55"}]}]},{"title":"External","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"22.7","spread":"6.89"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"23.1","spread":"7.00"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"22.4","spread":"6.96"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"21.4","spread":"6.53"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"237"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"335"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"362"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"291"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"27.9","spread":"8.96"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"27.8","spread":"9.09"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"29.1","spread":"9.30"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"29.1","spread":"9.25"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"231"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"323"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"337"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"280"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"No, not thinking of quitting","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"8"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"10"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"8"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"6"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 6 months","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"104"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"121"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"134"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"108"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 30 days","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"119"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"192"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"195"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"166"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"k value","timeFrame":"6 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"216"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"296"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"325"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"254"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"3.31","spread":"7.67"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"2.37","spread":"6.43"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"2.34","spread":"6.44"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"1.75","spread":"5.42"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Health-related Quality of Life","description":"The EuroQuol Group's quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) scale is a 25-item validated scale used to assess patients' perceived health-related quality of life across the domains of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression.\n\nScale range: -1 to 1 index calculated from SAS package provided by author. Additionally calculating misery score which is sum of scores ranging from 5 to 25. For index, 1 is best possible health, while -1 are states worse than death. For the misery score, higher is worse health.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"247"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"366"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"361"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"298"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Raw Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"10.3","spread":"4.00"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"9.90","spread":"3.76"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"9.33","spread":"3.65"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"9.69","spread":"3.90"}]}]},{"title":"Weighted Score","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"0.612","spread":"0.334"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"0.645","spread":"0.308"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"0.689","spread":"0.297"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"0.661","spread":"0.312"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Perceived Barriers to Cessation","description":"The Challenges to Stopping Smoking Scale (CSS-21) is a validated 21-item measure to assess patients' perceived barriers to smoking cessation. The CSS-21 has two sub-scales: intrinsic factors (physical, psychological or cognitive aspects of quitting), 9 item intrinsic factors scale from 9-36, and extrinsic factors (social or environmental aspects of quitting), 12 item extrinsic factors scale from 12-43. Total score was also prepared, range 21-79. A higher score means a greater challenge.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"238"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"359"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"348"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"292"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"Total","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"45.0","spread":"11.07"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"45.5","spread":"12.1"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"43.1","spread":"11.5"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"44.0","spread":"13.1"}]}]},{"title":"Internal","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"22.4","spread":"6.21"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"22.5","spread":"6.34"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"21.5","spread":"6.39"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"21.8","spread":"6.98"}]}]},{"title":"External","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"22.6","spread":"6.83"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"23.0","spread":"6.90"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"21.6","spread":"6.36"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"22.1","spread":"7.22"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Self-efficacy Related to Cessation Efforts","description":"We will use the 10-item situational measure of self-efficacy related to smoking behavior. This scale measures how sure participants are that they can avoid smoking in different situations. The scale ranges from 10-40, with a higher score demonstrating more self-efficacy.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"score on a scale","timeFrame":"12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"247"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"365"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"360"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"297"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"26.8","spread":"9.43"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"27.4","spread":"9.19"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"28.8","spread":"9.27"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"27.9","spread":"9.64"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Motivation to Quit","description":"The Stages of Change (SOC) is a validated 1-item measure to assess patient's self-reported motivation to quit.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"241"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"355"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"341"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"296"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"No, not thinking of quitting","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"12"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"17"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"16"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"11"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 6 months","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"104"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"144"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"133"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"123"}]}]},{"title":"Yes, within the next 30 days","categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"125"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"194"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"192"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"162"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Temporal (\"Delay\") Discounting","description":"Temporal discounting is a measure of impulsivity that reflects people's tendencies to discount the value of a reward as a function of how far in the future it would be received. We will use the 5-Trial Adjusting Delay Task to assess temporal discounting. The scale ranges from 0.000110 to 24, with a higher value meaning present is valued more over future gain. K values were calculated in R using the values noted in Koffarnus \\& Bickel 2014.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"MEAN","dispersionType":"Standard Deviation","unitOfMeasure":"k value","timeFrame":"12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"221"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"334"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"320"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"276"}]}],"classes":[{"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"2.33","spread":"6.30"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"1.79","spread":"5.68"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"1.64","spread":"5.39"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"1.47","spread":"5.00"}]}]}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Self-report Cigarette Abstinence","description":"Rates of sustained self-reported cigarette abstinence","populationDescription":"Seven participants passed away before their quit date assessment. One participant passed away after their 2 week lab assessment.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"2 weeks","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"84"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"130"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"172"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"129"}]}]},{"title":"3 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"46"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"66"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"114"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"79"}]}]},{"title":"6 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"30"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"50"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"89"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"63"}]}]},{"title":"12 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"25"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"40"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"64"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"45"}]}]}],"analyses":[{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.730","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.004","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.06","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.486","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.741","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.002","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.05","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.309","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.880","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.001","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.04","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.140","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.872","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.036","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.03","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.497","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"}]},{"type":"SECONDARY","title":"Self-report Other Tobacco Abstinence","description":"Rates of sustained self-reported other tobacco abstinence","populationDescription":"Seven participants passed away before their quit date assessment. One participant passed away after their 2-week lab assessment.","reportingStatus":"POSTED","paramType":"COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS","unitOfMeasure":"Participants","timeFrame":"2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months","groups":[{"id":"OG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes."},{"id":"OG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications"},{"id":"OG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months."},{"id":"OG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future"}],"denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"classes":[{"title":"2 weeks","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"884"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"81"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"130"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"169"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"127"}]}]},{"title":"3 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"46"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"65"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"113"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"79"}]}]},{"title":"6 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"30"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"50"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"89"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"63"}]}]},{"title":"12 months","denoms":[{"units":"Participants","counts":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"605"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"883"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"888"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"844"}]}],"categories":[{"measurements":[{"groupId":"OG000","value":"25"},{"groupId":"OG001","value":"40"},{"groupId":"OG002","value":"64"},{"groupId":"OG003","value":"45"}]}]}],"analyses":[{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.559","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.004","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.06","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"2 week","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.405","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.675","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.002","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.05","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"3 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.311","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.880","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.001","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.04","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"6 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.140","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.02","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG001"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.872","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.00","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG002"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.036","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.03","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"},{"groupIds":["OG000","OG003"],"groupDescription":"12 month","nonInferiorityType":"SUPERIORITY","pValue":"0.497","statisticalMethod":"Regression, Logistic","paramType":"Risk Difference (RD)","paramValue":"0.01","ciNumSides":"TWO_SIDED"}]}]},"adverseEventsModule":{"frequencyThreshold":"0","timeFrame":"Adverse events were not directly collected for this pragmatic clinical trial. Serious, and Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events were not monitored/assessed during the course of the trial. Using EHR data, deaths were assessed for up to 15 months from enrollment. Deaths were reported for the primary analysis if the participant previously self-reported and had biochemical confirmation of smoking abstinence.","description":"Adverse events are not directly collected for this pragmatic clinical trial. Serious, and Other (Not Including Serious) Adverse Events were not monitored/assessed. Any reported deaths came after the close of the trial when conducting the primary analysis.","eventGroups":[{"id":"EG000","title":"Basic Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the usual care approach, Ask-Advise-Refer (AAR), which is a standard approach in which non-study clinicians ask smokers about their desire to quit smoking, advise them to quit, and provide informational resources such as hotlines, specialized clinics, or smoking cessation classes.","deathsNumAffected":0,"deathsNumAtRisk":605,"seriousNumAffected":0,"seriousNumAtRisk":0,"otherNumAffected":0,"otherNumAtRisk":0},{"id":"EG001","title":"Enhanced Usual Care","description":"Participants receive the basic usual care of Ask-Advise-Refer as well as free access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and/or reimbursement of up to $300 for any smoking cessation medications (varenicline/Chantix or bupropion/Zyban) prescribed by non-study clinicians.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications","deathsNumAffected":6,"deathsNumAtRisk":889,"seriousNumAffected":0,"seriousNumAtRisk":0,"otherNumAffected":0,"otherNumAtRisk":0},{"id":"EG002","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives","description":"Participants receive all aspects of enhanced usual care plus an incentive plan in which they will be informed of their eligibility to earn $100, $200, and $300 if they submit negative tests for nicotine metabolites at 2 weeks, 3 month and 6 months following their quit date, respectively.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.","deathsNumAffected":1,"deathsNumAtRisk":889,"seriousNumAffected":0,"seriousNumAtRisk":0,"otherNumAffected":0,"otherNumAtRisk":0},{"id":"EG003","title":"Enhanced Usual Care Plus Financial Incentives Plus Mobile Health Application","description":"Participants receive all aspects of Arm 3 plus an intervention to promote episodic future thinking (EFT), called FutureMe. EFT has been shown to reliably reduce discounting of the future. Patients will practice using EFT cues to envision the \"future is now\" between the time of enrollment and the quit date, and will then receive cues from the quit date through the end of the intervention period, 6 months later, unless they ask to stop receiving cues sooner.\n\nRemoval of Financial Barriers: Free access to nicotine replacement therapies and/or reimbursement for smoking cessation prescription medications\n\nFinancial Incentives: Financial incentive plan of up to $600 for biochemically-confirmed, sustained abstinence for 6 months.\n\nMobile Health Application: Episodic future thinking tool to overcome temporal discounting of future","deathsNumAffected":1,"deathsNumAtRisk":845,"seriousNumAffected":0,"seriousNumAtRisk":0,"otherNumAffected":0,"otherNumAtRisk":0}]},"moreInfoModule":{"certainAgreement":{"piSponsorEmployee":true},"pointOfContact":{"title":"Shira Blady","organization":"University of Pennsylvania","email":"bladysh@pennmedicine.upenn.edu","phone":"215-573-3085"}}},"documentSection":{"largeDocumentModule":{"largeDocs":[{"typeAbbrev":"Prot","hasProtocol":true,"hasSap":false,"hasIcf":false,"label":"Study Protocol","date":"2025-09-12","uploadDate":"2025-09-23T15:37","filename":"Prot_000.pdf","size":1624362},{"typeAbbrev":"SAP","hasProtocol":false,"hasSap":true,"hasIcf":false,"label":"Statistical Analysis Plan","date":"2025-11-11","uploadDate":"2025-11-12T09:40","filename":"SAP_001.pdf","size":850120}]}},"derivedSection":{"miscInfoModule":{"versionHolder":"2026-10-13"},"conditionBrowseModule":{"meshes":[{"id":"D016540","term":"Smoking Cessation"},{"id":"D008175","term":"Lung Neoplasms"},{"id":"D014029","term":"Tobacco Use Disorder"}],"ancestors":[{"id":"D015438","term":"Health Behavior"},{"id":"D001519","term":"Behavior"},{"id":"D012142","term":"Respiratory Tract Neoplasms"},{"id":"D013899","term":"Thoracic Neoplasms"},{"id":"D009371","term":"Neoplasms by Site"},{"id":"D009369","term":"Neoplasms"},{"id":"D008171","term":"Lung Diseases"},{"id":"D012140","term":"Respiratory Tract Diseases"},{"id":"D019966","term":"Substance-Related Disorders"},{"id":"D064419","term":"Chemically-Induced Disorders"},{"id":"D001523","term":"Mental Disorders"}]},"interventionBrowseModule":{"meshes":[{"id":"D004358","term":"Drug Therapy"},{"id":"D005298","term":"Fertility"}],"ancestors":[{"id":"D013812","term":"Therapeutics"},{"id":"D055703","term":"Reproductive Physiological Phenomena"},{"id":"D012101","term":"Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena"}]}},"hasResults":true}