[ { "nct": "NCT00082381", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00082407", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs biphasic insulin aspart, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00097500", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin glargine on metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00135330", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label; exenatide vs rosiglitazone is an active comparison and exenatide+rosiglitazone vs rosiglitazone is an add-on without placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT00294723", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs glimepiride (double dummy); later groups are open-label extension periods." }, { "nct": "NCT00308139", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs exenatide twice daily; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT00318461", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Met+Glim (EG004) is an active comparator. AE groups span weeks 0-104: double-blind 0-26 then open-label extension in which each arm continued its randomized treatment (placebo arm on metformin alone, no switch)." }, { "nct": "NCT00353834", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00359762", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs glimepiride on metformin, then period III add-ons (some non-randomized); no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT00360334", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00375492", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "lifestyle modification program" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00393718", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs glibenclamide (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT00395746", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "sulfonylurea" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "EG002 pools the two liraglutide-placebo volume arms." }, { "nct": "NCT00422058", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obese adults without diabetes", "note": "AE groups cover weeks 0-104; the placebo group switched to open-label liraglutide 2.4/3.0 mg at week 52, so it mixes placebo and liraglutide exposure. Orlistat (EG005) is an open-label active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT00434954", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs premixed insulin aspart, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00500370", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "lifestyle modification plan" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "non-diabetic obese adults", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00516074", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00518115", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007", "EG008", "EG009" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "diet and exercise or metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "GSK716155 = albiglutide. Exenatide BID (EG001) was an open-label active reference; the weekly placebo matched albiglutide, not exenatide, so EG001 is left out. No arms listed in record; judged from AE groups and titles." }, { "nct": "NCT00518882", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs exenatide; both GLP-1; later periods all on liraglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT00546728", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "abdominally obese adults with impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes)", "note": "Exenatide vs metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00560417", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Compares two basal insulins (ILPS vs glargine) in patients on exenatide and oral agents." }, { "nct": "NCT00577824", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "oral antidiabetic drugs" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese patients", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00603239", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "thiazolidinedione with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00614120", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs glimepiride on metformin (double dummy); no placebo-only arm." }, { "nct": "NCT00620282", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label glimepiride arm (EG002) is an active comparator, left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00630825", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes", "note": "LY2189265 is dulaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT00637273", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs sitagliptin vs pioglitazone on metformin (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT00641056", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00658021", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "diet and exercise or oral antidiabetic agents" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "adolescents with type 2 diabetes", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00676338", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs metformin, sitagliptin, pioglitazone (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT00688701", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "none (no antidiabetic agents)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Used the separate titration arms; combined groups EG002 and EG005 duplicate them and are left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00696657", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "metformin or diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide arms (EG007, EG008) were open-label with no matching placebo, left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00700817", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs sitagliptin on metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00701935", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Condition listed as diabetes mellitus; title says type 2 pretreated with metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT00707031", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide vs exenatide; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT00712673", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Used the separate morning/evening arms; combined groups EG002 and EG005 duplicate them and are left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00713830", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "sulfonylurea with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00715624", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "basal insulin with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00734474", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "The only placebo group (EG008) switched to sitagliptin after week 26 and its AEs are reported baseline to week 104, so it mixes exposures; sitagliptin (EG007) is an active comparator. LY2189265 = dulaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT00763451", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Used the separate titration arms; combined groups EG002 and EG005 duplicate them and are left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00763815", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "pioglitazone with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00765817", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "titrated insulin glargine with or without oral agents" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00775684", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "impaired fasting glucose or early type 2 diabetes", "note": "Exenatide vs sitagliptin vs glimepiride, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00781937", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "energy-restricted diet after low-calorie-diet run-in" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obese adults without diabetes", "note": "Randomized after a 12-week low-calorie-diet run-in (>=5% weight loss); AE groups are the randomized arms." }, { "nct": "NCT00782418", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "hyperglycemic clamp procedure" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG005" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "graded glucose infusion procedure" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "healthy lean male volunteers", "note": "AE groups split by methodology panel; treated as separate panels. If the same subjects underwent both procedures, use only one comparison." }, { "nct": "NCT00791479", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG005" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "lifestyle measures only" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "LY2189265 is dulaglutide; AE groups include a 3.0 mg dose not in the arm list." }, { "nct": "NCT00799435", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction", "note": "Exenatide vs open-label usual care." }, { "nct": "NCT00838903", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Sitagliptin (EG001) and glimepiride (EG002) arms are active comparators; all arms double dummy." }, { "nct": "NCT00838916", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Albiglutide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00839527", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "metformin and glimepiride" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Both groups also got pioglitazone placebo; pioglitazone arm (EG001) is an active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT00845182", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "title says type 2 diabetic patients; conditions also list healthy and IGT", "note": "Pioglitazone vs exenatide vs both; exenatide vs pioglitazone is an active comparison and pioglitazone+exenatide vs pioglitazone is an add-on without placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT00845507", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "olanzapine" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obese adults with olanzapine-associated weight gain and bipolar disorder, major depression, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder; diabetes status not stated", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00849017", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00849056", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "pioglitazone with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00855439", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00856609", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "non-diabetic obese adults", "note": "Arm intervention lists are uneven (weight loss listed for exenatide, metabolic chamber for placebo); these read as study procedures, judged same background." }, { "nct": "NCT00856986", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Insulin detemir added to liraglutide+metformin vs liraglutide+metformin; liraglutide is background after run-in." }, { "nct": "NCT00866658", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "basal insulin with or without sulfonylurea" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Asian patients", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00870194", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide in both arms; tests sitagliptin vs placebo added to exenatide." }, { "nct": "NCT00877890", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs twice daily; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT00882050", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "surgery under general anesthesia" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "surgical patients, perioperative glucose control; diabetes status not stated", "note": "Intravenous exenatide vs saline infusion during surgery." }, { "nct": "NCT00894322", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "diet and exercise, metformin and/or thiazolidinedione" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Cohort 1 (EG000) was a single open-label dose in healthy subjects with no placebo, left out." }, { "nct": "NCT00905255", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide one-step vs two-step titration, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00917267", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs twice daily." }, { "nct": "NCT00935532", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00943917", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "ITCA 650 (exenatide) vs exenatide injection; all groups get exenatide." }, { "nct": "NCT00960661", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs insulin lispro, both added to glargine+metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00975286", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "insulin glargine and metformin with or without thiazolidinedione" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT00976391", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Albiglutide+glargine vs glargine+lispro, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT00976937", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide vs sitagliptin on metformin (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT01001104", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese patients", "note": "LY2189265 is dulaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT01003184", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs insulin detemir, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01029886", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs liraglutide; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT01064687", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "metformin and pioglitazone" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Used the baseline-to-26-week groups; placebo switched to dulaglutide after week 26, so later groups (EG004-EG008) are left out. Exenatide BID (EG002) was an active comparator with no matching placebo (placebo matched weekly dulaglutide), left out." }, { "nct": "NCT01075282", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01089569", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label; exenatide vs glargine is an active comparison and exenatide+glargine vs glargine is an add-on without placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01098461", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "not stated (rescue therapy allowed)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese patients", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01098539", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with renal impairment", "note": "Albiglutide vs sitagliptin (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT01104701", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs once monthly; all exenatide." }, { "nct": "NCT01107717", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide+pioglitazone+metformin vs conventional metformin/glyburide/glargine, open-label; exenatide arm also adds pioglitazone." }, { "nct": "NCT01117350", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Insulin glargine vs liraglutide, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01126580", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs metformin (double dummy)." }, { "nct": "NCT01128894", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Albiglutide vs liraglutide; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT01136798", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "usual type 2 diabetes medications" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes; sleep-disordered breathing also listed", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01144338", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "usual diabetes care" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Only serious adverse events collected." }, { "nct": "NCT01147250", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "usual care after acute coronary syndrome" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes after acute coronary syndrome", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01147627", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs premixed insulin vs pioglitazone, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01149421", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "LY2189265 is dulaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT01154933", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "obese type 2 diabetes on insulin", "note": "Single-blind saline placebo; the 5 and 10 mcg arms are pooled in one AE group; AE note says no events occurred." }, { "nct": "NCT01169779", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "metformin with or without sulfonylurea" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01175473", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide vs liraglutide; both GLP-1." }, { "nct": "NCT01179048", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "standard care" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01191268", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs insulin glargine, both with lispro, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01206101", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "islet cell transplantation and standard care" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "type 1 diabetes undergoing islet transplantation", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01232946", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label; liraglutide vs detemir is an active comparison and liraglutide+detemir vs detemir is an add-on without placebo; all on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01234649", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "metformin XR" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "overweight/obese women with recent gestational diabetes and metabolic defects (impaired glucose regulation); T2D also listed among conditions", "note": "Descriptions give 84 vs 98 weeks in one place; read as same period." }, { "nct": "NCT01237197", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "adolescents with extreme obesity", "note": "Placebo group received open-label exenatide after month 3 and its AEs cover the whole study, so it mixes exposures." }, { "nct": "NCT01255163", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment", "note": "Exendin-4 = exenatide." }, { "nct": "NCT01269047", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "children with type 1 diabetes", "note": "Exenatide+insulin vs open-label usual insulin without placebo; pramlintide+insulin is an active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT01272219", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated; prediabetes stratum, 160 weeks" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated; no-prediabetes stratum, 56 weeks plus 12-week re-randomized period" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obese, or overweight with comorbidities, without diabetes; with or without prediabetes", "note": "Strata differ in duration, kept as separate comparisons. EG002 includes Arm 1B, re-randomized to placebo for weeks 56-68 (diluted, not contaminated control); placebo arms never got liraglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT01272232", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "hypocaloric diet and exercise plus pre-trial metformin, glitazone or sulfonylurea" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01296412", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Sitagliptin (+/- glimepiride) vs liraglutide on metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01324388", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "lisinopril" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Part 1: adults with hypertension on lisinopril; diabetes status not stated (condition field lists T2D)", "note": "Part 1 only (single-blind placebo). Part 2 groups (EG002-EG004) are crossover periods in healthy subjects with no placebo, left out." }, { "nct": "NCT01336023", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label IDeg vs IDegLira vs liraglutide; liraglutide vs IDeg is an active comparison and IDegLira vs IDeg has no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01357889", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Albiglutide process 2 vs process 3; all albiglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT01364584", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01388361", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs insulin aspart, both added to degludec+metformin, open-label; IDeg group (EG000) not randomized." }, { "nct": "NCT01392573", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "insulin degludec titrated to target, plus metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-blind IDegLira vs IDeg: comparator gets the same insulin without liraglutide. Insulin doses were titrated separately (both capped), so insulin exposure may differ; flag for second reader." }, { "nct": "NCT01394952", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with cardiovascular disease or risk (cardiovascular outcomes trial)", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01432405", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label exenatide + pioglitazone vs pioglitazone alone; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01473953", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none (single dose)" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "healthy male volunteers", "note": "Sustained-release liraglutide (liraglutide-depot) single-dose cohorts against one placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT01475734", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "stepped hyper/hypoglycaemic glucose clamp" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01476475", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC vs insulin glargine alone on metformin; the control is open-label glargine, not a placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01505673", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "high-dose insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with obesity, on high-dose insulin", "note": "Placebo is a saline injection." }, { "nct": "NCT01512108", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label liraglutide + OAD vs an additional OAD." }, { "nct": "NCT01514149", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_glp1_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "CJC-1134-PC is not on the codebook list and the record never describes it as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. It is known as an exendin-4/albumin conjugate; if counted, EG000-EG003 vs EG004 on metformin would be a clean comparison." }, { "nct": "NCT01517412", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide before the main meal vs before breakfast; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01524705", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs prandial insulin, both with glargine and metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01541215", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "children and adolescents", "note": "Liraglutide EG000 spans the 26-week double-blind period plus a 26-week open-label extension, while placebo EG001 stopped at week 26; no group is confined to the placebo-controlled period. EG002/EG003 are follow-up groups." }, { "nct": "NCT01554618", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "adolescents", "note": "Exenatide once weekly; controlled 24-week period only. EG002/EG003 are the open-label extension." }, { "nct": "NCT01557166", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "500 kcal/day-deficit diet and exercise" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity with moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnoea", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01558271", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Placebo EG001 mixes 26 weeks of placebo with 26 weeks of open dulaglutide (LY2189265), and dulaglutide EG000 spans 52 weeks; liraglutide EG002 is an open-label active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT01572740", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01584232", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label dulaglutide (LY2189265) vs insulin glargine on sulfonylurea and/or biguanide." }, { "nct": "NCT01590433", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "background_differs", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "women with overweight or obesity without diabetes", "note": "Both arms get dietary counselling, but the arm texts diverge ('Subjects who receive exenatide will not be as[ked]...' vs 'Subjects who receive placebo will be assigned...', truncated) and only the placebo arm lists dietary counselling as an intervention, implying a reduced-calorie diet for placebo only. If the diets were in fact identical, EG000 vs EG001 would be clean." }, { "nct": "NCT01596504", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide vs liraglutide, open-label, on glargine with or without metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01617434", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "basal insulin analogue with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01618162", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_combined_with_other_active", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "IDegLira (insulin degludec/liraglutide) vs placebo on sulfonylurea with or without metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01620489", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial OADs and/or insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "moderate renal impairment", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01621178", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "moderate or severe chronic kidney disease", "note": "Open-label dulaglutide vs insulin glargine, all with insulin lispro." }, { "nct": "NCT01624259", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs liraglutide, open-label, on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01644500", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs glimepiride under double dummy." }, { "nct": "NCT01648582", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide vs insulin glargine on metformin and/or sulfonylurea, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01652716", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once-weekly suspension vs exenatide twice daily, open-label; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01652729", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label trial: placebo EG002 is an oral capsule matched to sitagliptin, while exenatide was given openly without a matching placebo, so EG002 is not a placebo for exenatide; sitagliptin EG001 is an active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT01664247", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Insulin degludec vs placebo, both on liraglutide + metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01664624", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label exenatide is the active comparator for roflumilast/alogliptin arms; no placebo for exenatide." }, { "nct": "NCT01667900", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG005", "EG006", "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "Part A healthy Chinese volunteers; Part B Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (the comparison uses Part B only)", "note": "Part A groups EG000-EG003 are single doses given in 1 of 3 treatment periods (crossover-like, participants overlap across groups), so they are left out." }, { "nct": "NCT01676116", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Continued liraglutide or exenatide (open-label) vs switching to IDegLira; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01720446", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002", "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard-of-care treatment" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01722240", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "insulin (implied by type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "AE collection window includes 4 weeks before randomization in both groups." }, { "nct": "NCT01722266", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "insulin (implied by type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01725126", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "Part A healthy volunteers; Parts B and C people with type 2 diabetes (condition listed as obesity)", "note": "GSK2890457 vs placebo; liraglutide is background in both Part B groups (EG002, EG003), and Parts A and C have no GLP-1 drug." }, { "nct": "NCT01733758", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Placebo EG000 covers only weeks 0-24 (EG001 is after switching to albiglutide), while albiglutide EG002/EG003 cover weeks 0-52, so no GLP-1 group matches the placebo-controlled period. Liraglutide EG004 is an open-label active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT01753362", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "insulin (implied by type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "overweight", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01768559", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Lixisenatide vs insulin glulisine once or three times daily, on glargine with or without metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01769378", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "glimepiride" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01777282", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label albiglutide with five different background OADs; no placebo or control group." }, { "nct": "NCT01779362", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_combined_with_other_active", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes) or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes", "note": "Liraglutide EG003 also gets open-label metformin, which placebo EG002 does not; the other groups are metformin and glargine-then-metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01784965", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "dietary weight-loss intervention" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "older adults with prediabetes", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01794143", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "GRADE: open-label liraglutide vs glargine, glimepiride, or sitagliptin on metformin; EG004 is the run-in." }, { "nct": "NCT01798264", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label ITCA 650 (exenatide) dose groups only." }, { "nct": "NCT01798706", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "lixisenatide" ], "background": "basal insulin and/or oral antidiabetic drugs" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "older adults", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01800968", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "acute heart failure", "note": "Only serious adverse events were collected." }, { "nct": "NCT01836523", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial insulin" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT01847313", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "diabetic kidney disease; diabetes type not stated (assumed type 2)", "note": "Open-label liraglutide vs standard care, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT01870297", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Part B EG006 (liraglutide + LY3025876 placebo) vs EG005 (LY3025876 placebo) differs only in liraglutide, but the placebo matches LY3025876 and liraglutide had no matching placebo (given after a 2-week titration), so it is not a placebo for liraglutide. Part A has no GLP-1 group; LY3025876 is not described as a GLP-1 RA." }, { "nct": "NCT01885208", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs exenatide ER, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01907854", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs sitagliptin under double dummy, on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01917656", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs sulfonylurea during Ramadan, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01919489", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs insulin glargine after hospital discharge, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01923181", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG008" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "metformin or diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide groups vs oral placebo. Subcutaneous semaglutide EG007 is left out: an active-reference arm with no matching placebo (the placebo tablets match oral semaglutide only)." }, { "nct": "NCT01928329", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "insulin (implied by type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide extended-release (Bydureon)." }, { "nct": "NCT01930188", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs sitagliptin under double dummy." }, { "nct": "NCT01951651", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs glipizide, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01952145", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "IDegLira vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01966978", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs insulin aspart, both with detemir and metformin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT01973231", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs lixisenatide, open-label, on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT01982630", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes (Parts 1 and 2) and non-diabetic overweight/obesity (Part 2)", "note": "AE groups split each arm by dose step within its titration schedule (the same participants in several groups), so no group is a randomized arm over its whole period. MK-8521 is not on the list or described as a GLP-1 RA; liraglutide is an active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT02008682", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs sitagliptin, open-label, on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT02014740", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with overweight or obesity", "note": "Open-label liraglutide + metformin vs metformin alone." }, { "nct": "NCT02020616", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide ER EG006 is an active-reference arm; placebo EG000 matches LY3053102 and exenatide had no matching placebo, so it is not a placebo for exenatide. LY3053102 is not described as a GLP-1 RA. If a placebo for another drug in a masked trial were accepted, EG006 vs EG000 on metformin would qualify." }, { "nct": "NCT02054897", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none (drug-naive)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02058147", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label FRC vs insulin glargine vs lixisenatide on metformin; no placebo, and lixisenatide alone is compared only with active treatments." }, { "nct": "NCT02058160", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC vs insulin glargine; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02060383", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "pasireotide-induced hyperglycaemia in Cushing's disease or acromegaly", "note": "Incretin arm started sitagliptin and switched to liraglutide only if uncontrolled (mixed exposure) vs insulin; EG002-EG004 are non-randomized." }, { "nct": "NCT02072096", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "older adults", "note": "Treatment-strategy trial: investigator-chosen regimens that may include a GLP-1 RA vs a glimepiride/glargine strategy; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02073929", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "polycystic ovary syndrome", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02098395", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial insulin (capped)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02100475", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Both arms get IDegLira; the trial tests adding insulin aspart vs further IDegLira dose increase." }, { "nct": "NCT02119819", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Placebo EG005 got placebo injections for 12 weeks and none for the next 12, while exenatide ER EG004 and the LY2944876 (oxyntomodulin analog) groups were treated for 24 weeks, so the groups do not share the placebo-controlled period." }, { "nct": "NCT02128932", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02152371", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "titrated insulin glargine with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02160990", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity with accelerated gastric emptying", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02207374", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs one additional OAD, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02229227", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Albiglutide + glargine vs insulin lispro + glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02229383", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "titrated insulin glargine with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly." }, { "nct": "NCT02229396", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "dapagliflozin + metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "EG001 (exenatide + dapagliflozin) vs EG000 (dapagliflozin + exenatide placebo). EG002 (exenatide + dapagliflozin placebo) has no matching placebo group and is left out." }, { "nct": "NCT02251431", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with chronic kidney disease and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (type 4 cardiorenal syndrome)", "note": "Double-blind cohort A; open-label cohort B has no AE group." }, { "nct": "NCT02254291", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs sitagliptin, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02284009", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "insulin" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "new-onset", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02288273", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide once weekly (Bydureon)." }, { "nct": "NCT02298192", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Both arms get IDegLira; the trial compares two titration algorithms." }, { "nct": "NCT02299388", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "low-sodium diet advice" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with hypertension", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02305381", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "basal insulin with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02417142", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "existing antipsychotic treatment" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder", "note": "Exenatide 2 mg once weekly vs placebo added to existing treatment." }, { "nct": "NCT02420262", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "IDegLira vs insulin glargine + aspart, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02443155", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial insulin; NNC0114-0006 placebo" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "pre-trial insulin + NNC0114-0006" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "newly diagnosed", "note": "2x2 factorial with double dummy: liraglutide vs liraglutide placebo without and with NNC0114-0006. All groups' AE windows include the 26-week off-treatment follow-up." }, { "nct": "NCT02453711", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG008" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide", "liraglutide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity without diabetes", "note": "Once-daily semaglutide. The placebo pool matches every active arm, including liraglutide 3.0 mg, so liraglutide EG007 is pooled into the one comparison." }, { "nct": "NCT02455076", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "hospitalized general medicine and surgery patients", "note": "Open-label exenatide regimens vs insulin regimens; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02461589", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG009", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG008" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide", "liraglutide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Once-daily semaglutide and liraglutide dose groups; the placebo, volume-matched to either drug, is pooled, so all share one comparison." }, { "nct": "NCT02465515", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "albiglutide" ], "background": "standard of care for diabetes and cardiovascular health" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Non-serious AEs were collected systematically only when of prespecified interest." }, { "nct": "NCT02492763", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide EG003 was open-label and placebo EG002 matches MK-8521, so there is no placebo for liraglutide. MK-8521 is not on the list or described as a GLP-1 RA in the record; it is known as a GLP-1/glucagon co-agonist, and if counted, EG000+EG001 vs EG002 on metformin would be clean." }, { "nct": "NCT02496611", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "lifestyle weight-loss maintenance after meal-replacement induction" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "adolescents with severe obesity", "note": "EG000 is titled 'without pharmacotherapy' but the arm is placebo (quadruple masked); EG002 is the pre-randomization induction. The GLP-1 RA is Bydureon (exenatide ER)." }, { "nct": "NCT02501161", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "IDegLira vs insulin glargine, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02505334", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide 1.8 mg vs 0.9 mg, open-label; the 1.8 mg group also spans an extension." }, { "nct": "NCT02518945", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dapagliflozin vs placebo, both with liraglutide and insulin." }, { "nct": "NCT02527200", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome and obesity", "note": "Liraglutide groups EG000/EG001 cover 52 weeks while placebo groups EG002/EG003 cover only 16 weeks, so no liraglutide group matches the placebo-controlled period." }, { "nct": "NCT02548585", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 1, 7 days)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 2, 11 days)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 3, 15 days)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG006" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 4, 41 days)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG009" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG008" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 5, 22 days)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG011" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG010" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none (cohort 6, 17 days)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "with overweight or obesity", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide (the record uses the code name only). Each cohort has its own matched placebo and duration, so one comparison per cohort; pooling all six would also keep the contrast." }, { "nct": "NCT02597049", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "SGLT2 inhibitor and metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02607306", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label IDegLira vs insulin degludec vs liraglutide; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02607865", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide vs sitagliptin under double dummy." }, { "nct": "NCT02635386", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome", "note": "No placebo arm: exenatide + dapagliflozin vs dapagliflozin differs only in exenatide but without placebo; the other comparators are active." }, { "nct": "NCT02647944", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02648204", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide vs dulaglutide, open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT02664441", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not specified" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "hypothalamic obesity after craniopharyngioma or other hypothalamic tumours", "note": "36-week double-blind groups only; EG002 is the open-label phase." }, { "nct": "NCT02683746", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Both arms get albiglutide (two formulations/devices), each with a dummy of the other device; no placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT02692716", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care (not specified)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D at high cardiovascular risk (CV safety trial)", "note": "Oral semaglutide vs placebo tablets." }, { "nct": "NCT02730377", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label liraglutide vs investigator-chosen OAD, both on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT02750410", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "insulin with or without oral antidiabetic drugs" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Only the 16-week double-blind period groups used; EG002/EG003 cover the open-label extension (placebo switched to dulaglutide) and are left out." }, { "nct": "NCT02759107", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (Part A, healthy)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG008", "EG009", "EG010", "EG011", "EG012" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG007" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide", "dulaglutide" ], "background": "none (Part B, healthy)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG014", "EG015", "EG016", "EG017" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG013" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (Part C, T2D)" } ], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "Healthy volunteers (Parts A and B) and people with type 2 diabetes (Part C)", "note": "One comparison per part, each with its own placebo. Part B dulaglutide 1.5 mg arm (labelled active comparator) is a GLP-1 group against the Part B SC placebo, so included. Part A described in arms as single doses, AE text says weekly x4." }, { "nct": "NCT02765399", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Single-blind; placebo injection with matched dose escalation." }, { "nct": "NCT02773368", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label IDegLira (fixed-ratio insulin/liraglutide) vs insulin glargine on SGLT2i; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02777073", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "usual insulin therapy (type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Single doses; dapagliflozin group (EG001) is an active comparator and left out. No AEs occurred." }, { "nct": "NCT02787551", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC vs continued GLP-1 RA; no placebo group. EG002 is the FRC whole-study period." }, { "nct": "NCT02793154", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Exenatide vs albiglutide (both GLP-1 RAs), open-label; Part A single arm; Part B enrolled no one. No placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02827708", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "usual antidiabetic therapy (not specified)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with moderate renal impairment", "note": "Oral semaglutide vs placebo tablets." }, { "nct": "NCT02846233", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D on advanced insulin therapy", "note": "Open-label GLP-1 RA (albiglutide or dulaglutide) plus empagliflozin with insulin step-down vs unchanged usual care; no placebo, and GLP-1 also combined with an SGLT2 inhibitor." }, { "nct": "NCT02849080", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label oral semaglutide vs sitagliptin; extension groups also not usable." }, { "nct": "NCT02863328", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label oral semaglutide vs empagliflozin." }, { "nct": "NCT02863419", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide", "liraglutide" ], "background": "metformin with or without SGLT2 inhibitor" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-dummy: oral semaglutide (+lira placebo) and liraglutide (+oral sema placebo) both against the double-placebo group, pooled because they share one placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT02906930", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide 3/7/14 mg pooled vs placebo tablets." }, { "nct": "NCT02911818", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Main trial open-label: lifestyle alone vs lifestyle + liraglutide (± diet), no placebo. The double-blind extension randomizes phentermine vs placebo on a liraglutide background (GLP-1 is background there)." }, { "nct": "NCT02911948", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults on insulin", "note": "IDegLira vs insulin degludec, both with metformin. Comparator is an active insulin titrated separately, not a placebo; GLP-1 given only as fixed-ratio combination with insulin." }, { "nct": "NCT02918279", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Pubertal adolescents with obesity", "note": "AE groups include a 26-week off-drug follow-up but are randomized arms." }, { "nct": "NCT02953665", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Parkinson's disease", "note": "Liraglutide arm labelled active comparator but it is the GLP-1 arm vs matching placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02960659", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "African-American youth with T2D", "note": "Open-label metformin vs metformin + liraglutide; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02962492", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "usual insulin therapy (type 1 diabetes)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "dapagliflozin, usual insulin therapy (type 1 diabetes)" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "2x2 factorial with double dummies (exenatide acute then exenatide ER). Two comparisons: exenatide vs placebo, and exenatide + dapagliflozin vs dapagliflozin + exenatide placebo. AE collection limited mainly to severe hypoglycaemia and DKA." }, { "nct": "NCT02963766", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Children and adolescents with T2D", "note": "Only double-blind period groups used; OLE groups EG003-EG005 (placebo switched to dulaglutide) left out." }, { "nct": "NCT02963922", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "basal insulin (with or without oral antidiabetic drugs)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with overweight or obesity treated with basal insulin", "note": "Liraglutide 3.0 mg vs placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02963935", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "intensive behavioural therapy (CMS-IBT)" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide 3.0 mg vs placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02964247", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "SGLT2 inhibitor with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT02970942", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none stated" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis", "note": "Three daily semaglutide doses pooled vs one pooled placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT02973100", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide 1.5 mg (labelled active comparator) is a GLP-1 group too; all doses pooled vs placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02973321", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "SAR425899 groups (EG001-EG004) left out: the record does not describe SAR425899 as a GLP-1 receptor agonist (it is not on the codebook list), and those groups are re-formed by dose received at week 8. Liraglutide vs placebo (SC daily, quadruple-masked) kept, though placebo is nominally for SAR425899 and liraglutide blinding is not stated." }, { "nct": "NCT02975297", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "nicotine patch and smoking cessation counseling" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Smokers seeking to quit", "note": "Exenatide once weekly vs saline placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT02981069", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "2x2 factorial listed as open-label (masking NONE) but with a placebo arm; exenatide vs placebo kept. Exenatide + dapagliflozin vs dapagliflozin alone left out: no placebo for exenatide in the dapagliflozin arm in an open-label design." }, { "nct": "NCT03010683", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "Patients with coronary artery disease and patients with type 2 diabetes (per title)", "note": "Liraglutide vs metformin; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03015220", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Open-label oral semaglutide vs dulaglutide (both GLP-1 RAs); no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03018028", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none (monotherapy)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Liraglutide 0.9 mg (EG003) left out: the placebo group got only tablets matched to oral semaglutide, so it is not a placebo for the liraglutide injection." }, { "nct": "NCT03021187", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "insulin (with or without metformin)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide vs placebo tablets on insulin." }, { "nct": "NCT03029351", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with micro- or macroalbuminuria", "note": "Exenatide extended release vs placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03036800", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "Obesity, with or without diabetes (conditions list obesity and diabetes mellitus)", "note": "Open-label liraglutide 3.0 mg + specialist care vs specialist care alone; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03038620", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Overweight/obesity at high cardiovascular risk", "note": "Placebo described as a 'tablet' but given by matched SC injection." }, { "nct": "NCT03041792", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide vs saline placebo, 6 weeks." }, { "nct": "NCT03048578", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "prior Roux-en-Y gastric bypass" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03061214", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-dummy semaglutide vs sitagliptin on metformin; sitagliptin groups are active comparators." }, { "nct": "NCT03086330", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "SGLT2 inhibitor (with or without metformin or sulfonylurea)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03101930", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Obesity with prediabetes", "note": "Liraglutide (+ oral placebo) vs sitagliptin (+ SC placebo) and vs hypocaloric diet; the diet group gets a diet the liraglutide group does not and no liraglutide placebo, so no placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT03115424", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "prior sleeve gastrectomy" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Adults 3 months after sleeve gastrectomy", "note": "RYGB group (EG002) is a non-randomized observational cohort, left out." }, { "nct": "NCT03131687", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide", "dulaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-dummy: tirzepatide groups (+ dulaglutide placebo) and dulaglutide 1.5 mg (+ tirzepatide placebo) pooled vs the double-placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT03136484", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-dummy semaglutide vs canagliflozin on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT03151005", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "Overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome", "note": "Metformin + exenatide or liraglutide vs metformin + oral contraceptive; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03158805", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "usual bipolar disorder medications" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Overweight/obesity in stable bipolar disorder", "note": "Liraglutide 3 mg vs placebo; AE descriptions are free-text summaries." }, { "nct": "NCT03172494", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Chinese adults", "note": "Open-label IDegLira vs insulin degludec vs liraglutide; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03175120", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Chinese adults on basal insulin", "note": "IDegLira vs insulin degludec, both with metformin; comparator is an active, separately titrated insulin, not a placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03191396", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label semaglutide vs liraglutide (both GLP-1 RAs)." }, { "nct": "NCT03235050", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002", "EG003", "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide (GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist). Liraglutide (EG001) left out: per the official title it is an open-label active comparator, so the blinded placebo is not its placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03244800", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (cohort 1)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (cohort 2)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide. Each titration cohort has its own placebo, so one comparison per cohort." }, { "nct": "NCT03260881", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "background_differs", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with coronary artery disease awaiting CABG", "note": "Placebo (D-group) arm was also started on a supervised low-calorie diet targeting 5% weight loss, which the liraglutide arm did not get." }, { "nct": "NCT03279731", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Binge-eating disorder", "note": "Liraglutide 3.0 mg vs matched placebo pen." }, { "nct": "NCT03311724", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03322631", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Placebo pooled across the three cohorts." }, { "nct": "NCT03353350", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "efpeglenatide" ], "background": "diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03374956", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Phenotype-guided vs randomly assigned obesity drug (phentermine-topiramate, liraglutide, naltrexone/bupropion, phentermine); both groups mix drugs and neither is placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03375463", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "groups_not_randomized_arms", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "Healthy volunteers", "note": "Only Part C has placebo; its tirzepatide groups (EG004-EG007) are successive dose steps of the same participants, not randomized arms, so they can't be set against the placebo group. Parts A, B, D have no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03434119", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Ethnically/racially diverse adults on basal insulin", "note": "Open-label insulin glargine/lixisenatide (Soliqua) vs insulin glargine." }, { "nct": "NCT03444584", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "metformin and dapagliflozin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide." }, { "nct": "NCT03480022", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (prediabetes listed)", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03482024", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "Renal impairment of varying degree and healthy controls", "note": "Single-dose tirzepatide PK study; groups by renal function, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03486392", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "efinopegdutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Non-diabetic severe obesity", "note": "JNJ-64565111 is efinopegdutide (GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist). Open-label liraglutide 3.0 mg (EG004) left out, as it has no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03495102", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide 1.5 vs 3 vs 4.5 mg; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03496298", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "efpeglenatide" ], "background": "standard of care (not specified)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D at high cardiovascular risk", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03500484", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Youth with obesity (lean comparison group)", "note": "All participants with obesity get liraglutide; lean group gets no intervention and is not a randomized comparison. No placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03523273", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Placebo arm labelled experimental; it is the matched placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03548935", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03548987", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, after a 20-week open semaglutide run-in" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Randomized withdrawal: run-in group EG000 left out; the treatment-period groups (continued semaglutide vs switched to placebo) form the comparison." }, { "nct": "NCT03550378", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with renal impairment", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide." }, { "nct": "NCT03552757", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with overweight or obesity", "note": "Double-dummy placebos; both doses pooled vs double placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03555994", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (Part A)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (Part B)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide. One comparison per part. Liraglutide (EG002) left out: open-label active comparator per the official title." }, { "nct": "NCT03574597", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Overweight/obesity with established cardiovascular disease", "note": "AEs not systematically collected for all events (in-trial period)." }, { "nct": "NCT03596177", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide. Both arms had a 16-day single-blind placebo lead-in; TEAEs reported from the double-blind period only." }, { "nct": "NCT03596450", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label pragmatic: semaglutide vs standard-of-care intensification (any other antidiabetic drug); no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03611582", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "intensive behavioural therapy" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03645421", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese preobese/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide." }, { "nct": "NCT03684642", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label efpeglenatide vs dulaglutide (both GLP-1 RAs) on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT03689374", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label semaglutide vs insulin aspart on metformin + insulin glargine." }, { "nct": "NCT03693430", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "104-week trial." }, { "nct": "NCT03712098", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "smoking cessation counseling" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Smokers with nicotine dependence", "note": "Placebo arm labelled active comparator; it is a matched placebo pen." }, { "nct": "NCT03713684", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "efpeglenatide" ], "background": "basal insulin with or without oral antidiabetic drugs" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03730662", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with increased cardiovascular risk", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs insulin glargine." }, { "nct": "NCT03737240", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Poorly controlled T2D", "note": "Open-label IDegLira vs basal-bolus insulin." }, { "nct": "NCT03743025", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "cardiac surgery" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Cardiac surgery patients without diabetes (stress hyperglycaemia)", "note": "Single dose before surgery vs saline placebo; masking listed as none. Only selected AEs collected." }, { "nct": "NCT03745937", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (cohort 1)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "not stated (cohort 2)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Overweight/obese T2D", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide. Each cohort has its own placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03770728", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "efpeglenatide" ], "background": "metformin with or without sulfonylurea" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03799198", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Employees with obesity", "note": "Open-label weight management program + any of five obesity drugs vs program alone; drug group mixes drugs, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03811574", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "East Asian adults with overweight or obesity", "note": "Two placebo arms reported as one pooled placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT03819153", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with chronic kidney disease", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03856047", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG006" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "NNC0174-0833 is cagrilintide (amylin analogue), not a GLP-1 RA, so its groups are left out. Liraglutide 3.0 mg vs the pooled placebo group (which mixes placebos for cagrilintide and liraglutide)." }, { "nct": "NCT03861039", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide doses on oral agents; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03861052", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "Japanese adults", "note": "Tirzepatide vs dulaglutide (both GLP-1 RAs); no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03882970", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs insulin degludec." }, { "nct": "NCT03914326", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care (not specified)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "T2D with cardiovascular disease and/or CKD (CV outcomes trial)", "note": "Oral semaglutide vs placebo tablets." }, { "nct": "NCT03919929", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "Adolescents with PCOS and obesity (NAFLD listed)", "note": "Open-label oral semaglutide vs weight-loss diet; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03951753", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide", "semaglutide" ], "background": "not stated" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide 1 mg (labelled active comparator) and tirzepatide 15 mg both SC weekly against SC placebo; pooled since they share the placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT03954834", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03985293", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "metformin or diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "PF-06882961 is danuglipron (oral small-molecule GLP-1 RA)." }, { "nct": "NCT03987074", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis", "note": "Open-label; every arm gets semaglutide, the trial tests firsocostat and/or cilofexor added to it; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT03987451", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "NASH with compensated cirrhosis", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT03987919", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs semaglutide (both GLP-1 RAs) on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT03989232", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide 2.0 vs 1.0 mg; the 1.0 mg arm's placebo injection is only for blinding, both arms get semaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT04017832", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Double-dummy oral semaglutide vs sitagliptin on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT04019197", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none stated" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "HIV-associated lipohypertrophy", "note": "Groups span 32 weeks of drug/placebo plus 24 weeks off drug." }, { "nct": "NCT04019561", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none stated" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Obesity with NAFLD/NASH", "note": "MEDI0382 is cotadutide. Placebos for both doses reported as one group. One participant randomized to 600 ug received 300 ug (as-treated)." }, { "nct": "NCT04039503", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "insulin glargine with or without metformin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04074161", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide", "liraglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide arm is labelled active comparator but had its own matched placebo arm; the AE table pools both placebos (semaglutide- and liraglutide-matched) into EG002, so both GLP-1 groups are compared with the pooled placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04081337", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04093752", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs titrated insulin glargine; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04102189", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "adolescents", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04109547", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "diet and exercise only" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT04126603", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide arm is labelled active comparator but is the drug under test against placebo injection." }, { "nct": "NCT04153929", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "survodutide" ], "background": "metformin, diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "BI 456906 is survodutide. Semaglutide group EG007 left out: the title says it was open-label, and the placebo is matched to BI 456906, not semaglutide. Placebo pooled over once- and twice-weekly schedules." }, { "nct": "NCT04166773", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); diabetes not required", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04184622", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "normoglycemia or prediabetes", "note": "Prediabetes subgroup continued blinded randomized treatment to week 176; groups remain the randomized arms." }, { "nct": "NCT04199728", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "opioid use disorder", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04235959", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "One placebo group serves two tirzepatide titration cohorts (16 and 24 weeks)." }, { "nct": "NCT04251156", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "overweight or obesity; conditions also list type 2 diabetes, so it appears to enroll people with and without T2D", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04255433", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Tirzepatide vs dulaglutide head to head; both arms are GLP-1 groups, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04311411", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide", "liraglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Liraglutide arm (labelled active comparator) included as a GLP-1 group: trial is double-blind and the record does not say it was open-label. Its daily dosing ran about 5.5 weeks vs 6 weeks for placebo; drop EG002 if its blinding is doubted." }, { "nct": "NCT04431713", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "multiple system atrophy", "note": "Open-label exenatide vs standard of care with no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04515576", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Dulaglutide (labelled active comparator) vs placebo SC weekly for 4 weeks in a double-blind design. LY3493269 groups EG002-EG005 left out: the record does not describe LY3493269 as a GLP-1 receptor agonist (it may be a GIP/GLP-1 co-agonist; if so they belong with EG001)." }, { "nct": "NCT04515849", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease", "note": "Semaglutide group EG004 left out: the title says it was an open-label comparator and the placebo is matched to daily cotadutide." }, { "nct": "NCT04531176", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with obesity", "note": "Pragmatic open-label trial; the medication arm mixes four anti-obesity drugs (liraglutide one option) and controls get no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04537923", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs insulin lispro." }, { "nct": "NCT04538352", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label: semaglutide plus degludec/aspart vs multiple daily insulin injections; no placebo, and insulin regimens also differ." }, { "nct": "NCT04552470", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "PF-06882961 is danuglipron." }, { "nct": "NCT04560998", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with peripheral arterial disease", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04591626", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "titrated insulin glargine with metformin and/or acarbose" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04596631", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "metformin and/or basal insulin, diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "children and adolescents", "note": "Oral semaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT04616027", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "healthy people and people with T2D with varying renal impairment", "note": "Open-label single-dose PK study of PF-06882961 (danuglipron); groups defined by renal function, plus a Total group; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04617275", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "metformin" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "T2D on metformin and, separately, non-diabetic obesity", "note": "PF-06882961 is danuglipron. One comparison per population, each with its own placebo group." }, { "nct": "NCT04624672", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "awaiting Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (4-6 months pre-operative)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes, bariatric surgery candidates", "note": "Single-blind; semaglutide arm labelled active comparator." }, { "nct": "NCT04657003", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with overweight or obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04657016", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "intensive lifestyle program before randomization" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04660643", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "36-week open-label tirzepatide lead-in before randomization" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Randomized withdrawal: continued tirzepatide vs switch to placebo after lead-in. Lead-in group EG000 (everyone, not randomized) left out." }, { "nct": "NCT04667377", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "survodutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "BI 456906 is survodutide. Drug groups are by actual maintenance dose, not randomized dose, so only the pooled drug set vs placebo is a randomized contrast." }, { "nct": "NCT04707313", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007", "EG008" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "none" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG010", "EG011", "EG012" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG009" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "PF-06882961 is danuglipron. Cohorts 1-2 (26 weeks) and cohort 3 (32 weeks) each have their own placebo, so one comparison per cohort set." }, { "nct": "NCT04707469", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Three doses of oral semaglutide compared with each other; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04741074", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "stage 4-5 CKD or dialysis-dependent ESKD with obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes", "note": "Semaglutide arm labelled active comparator; placebo matched." }, { "nct": "NCT04771273", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "survodutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "NASH with fibrosis F1-F3", "note": "Groups are by actual maintenance dose, not randomized dose; the pooled survodutide set vs placebo remains a randomized contrast." }, { "nct": "NCT04779697", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04788511", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04809220", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Two doses of dulaglutide compared with each other; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04844918", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity disease (Japan)", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04847557", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04862234", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "dulaglutide" ], "background": "planned general or vascular surgery; blinded CGM" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "general and vascular surgery patients (perioperative stress hyperglycemia); diabetes status not stated", "note": "Dulaglutide given once within 72 hours before surgery." }, { "nct": "NCT04865770", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT04867785", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "retatrutide", "dulaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3437943 is retatrutide. Dulaglutide (labelled active comparator) included: weekly SC like the placebo in a double-blind design, not described as open-label." }, { "nct": "NCT04881110", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with peripheral artery disease", "note": "Liraglutide vs control with risk-factor optimization; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04881760", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "retatrutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3437943 is retatrutide." }, { "nct": "NCT04889157", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "danuglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "PF-06882961 is danuglipron." }, { "nct": "NCT04944992", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "nonalcoholic fatty liver disease", "note": "Open-label efinopegdutide vs semaglutide; both are GLP-1 groups, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT04969939", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide 2.4 mg in every arm; trial tests NNC0165-1875 vs placebo. EG003 is a non-randomized semaglutide run-in." }, { "nct": "NCT04971785", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "placebo-to-match cilofexor/firsocostat" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "cilofexor/firsocostat 30/20 mg" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "NASH with compensated cirrhosis (F4)", "note": "Double-dummy factorial: semaglutide vs semaglutide placebo with and without cilofexor/firsocostat." }, { "nct": "NCT04982575", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "cagrilintide 2.4 mg" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Cagrilintide + semaglutide vs cagrilintide + semaglutide placebo differ only in semaglutide. EG002 (semaglutide + cagrilintide placebo) has no double-placebo counterpart and is left out." }, { "nct": "NCT04998136", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "Asian adults with obesity (BMI >=25)", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05024032", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05035082", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label oral semaglutide vs other oral glucose-lowering drugs on metformin." }, { "nct": "NCT05035095", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide 50 mg." }, { "nct": "NCT05040971", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity with prediabetes", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05048719", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005", "EG006", "EG007", "EG008" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron", "dulaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3502970 is orforglipron. Dulaglutide (labelled active comparator) included: double-blind design with matching placebo, not described as open-label; drop EG008 if its blinding is doubted." }, { "nct": "NCT05051579", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002", "EG003", "EG004", "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG006" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3502970 is orforglipron." }, { "nct": "NCT05056246", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "healthy volunteers (Japanese and Caucasian)", "note": "Open-label single-dose AMG 133 (maridebart cafraglutide) at different doses; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05064735", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "obesity with knee osteoarthritis", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05086445", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none (Part A, single dose)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG004", "EG005", "EG006" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none (Part B, 12 weeks once daily)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3502970 is orforglipron. Part B groups include Part A completers continuing on the same kind of treatment (placebo or drug), so some participants appear in both comparisons." }, { "nct": "NCT05132088", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "East Asian adults", "note": "Oral semaglutide 50 mg." }, { "nct": "NCT05144984", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG006" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "placebo for NNC0480-0389" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG005" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "NNC0480-0389 21.6 mg" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Factorial: semaglutide vs semaglutide placebo alone and on NNC0480-0389 21.6 mg (record does not describe NNC0480-0389 as a GLP-1 RA, so it is treated as background). EG000-EG002 (other NNC doses with semaglutide) have no counterpart. EG006 pools three placebo arms." }, { "nct": "NCT05259033", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "glp1_is_background", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label IcoSema (insulin icodec + semaglutide) vs semaglutide: semaglutide in both arms, trial tests icodec; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05260021", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "metformin and/or basal insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "children and adolescents", "note": "Double-blind period groups only; open-label extension groups EG003-EG005 left out." }, { "nct": "NCT05302596", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "older adults with obesity", "note": "Open-label semaglutide vs standard-of-care lifestyle program; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05313802", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "healthy adults with overweight or obesity", "note": "LY3502970 (orforglipron) titration cohorts only; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05347147", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "exenatide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "idiopathic intracranial hypertension", "note": "Presendin's active ingredient is exenatide acetate per the placebo description. EG002 (all subjects pre-treatment) left out." }, { "nct": "NCT05352815", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label IcoSema (icodec + semaglutide) vs insulin icodec: differs only in semaglutide but has no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05364931", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "cotadutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "non-cirrhotic NASH with fibrosis", "note": "Each cotadutide dose has its own volume-matched placebo group, so paired by dose (300 ug, 600 ug); could equally be pooled." }, { "nct": "NCT05412004", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "not on positive airway pressure therapy" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "on positive airway pressure therapy" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "obstructive sleep apnea with obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05413369", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label iGlarLixi (fixed-ratio insulin glargine + lixisenatide) vs IDegAsp; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05478252", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Two semaglutide manufacturing products compared; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05486065", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with overweight", "note": "Placebo arms for the three doses are pooled in EG003." }, { "nct": "NCT05514535", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with overweight", "note": "Open-label semaglutide + dose-reduced insulin glargine vs titrated insulin glargine; no placebo and glargine doses differ by design." }, { "nct": "NCT05520775", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "alcohol use disorder (with cigarette smoking)", "note": "Control gets sham subcutaneous injections, counted as placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05530577", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "tobacco use disorder", "note": "Control gets sham subcutaneous injections, counted as placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05537233", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "hybrid closed-loop insulin therapy" } ], "population": "type1_diabetes", "population_note": "type 1 diabetes with obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05548647", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "behavioral weight-loss treatment (weeks 0-60)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG004" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "semaglutide and behavioral treatment weeks 0-60, then re-randomized (weeks 60-72)" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Arms labelled active comparator but are semaglutide vs placebo. Second comparison is the week-60 randomized withdrawal (continue vs switch to placebo). EG002 (continuous placebo, sham re-randomized) left out; same participants appear in both periods." }, { "nct": "NCT05564039", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs dulaglutide; both GLP-1 groups, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05564117", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Oral semaglutide 25 mg." }, { "nct": "NCT05579249", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "active_comparator_only", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label semaglutide vs physician-chosen anti-obesity drugs (one option liraglutide); no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05579977", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "T2D on metformin and, separately, obesity without T2D", "note": "The record does not describe PF-07081532 as a GLP-1 RA, so its groups are not GLP-1 groups under the codebook (if it is lotiglipron, an oral GLP-1 RA, EG001-EG005 vs EG000 and EG008-EG012 vs EG007 would be clean). The only named GLP-1 drug, Rybelsus (EG006), was open-label with no placebo of its own." }, { "nct": "NCT05616013", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Semaglutide was open-label (title) with no semaglutide placebo; the placebo is IV placebo for bimagrumab, and the placebo arm switched to bimagrumab at week 52." }, { "nct": "NCT05646706", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05649137", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05691712", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "titrated basal insulin" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05696847", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (cohort 1, body weight >=50 kg)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (cohort 2, body weight <50 kg)" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG005" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG004" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (cohort 3, body weight 40-60 kg)" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "children aged 6-11 with obesity", "note": "Each body-weight cohort has its own placebo and dose regimen, so paired by cohort." }, { "nct": "NCT05786521", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "older adults with overweight/obesity and insulin resistance, with prediabetes or T2D", "note": "Open-label semaglutide + lifestyle vs lifestyle alone; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05822830", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label tirzepatide vs semaglutide; both GLP-1 groups, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05841238", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "healthy adults with overweight or obesity", "note": "Open-label LY3502970 (orforglipron) formulation periods; groups are sequential periods, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT05869903", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "normoglycemia or prediabetes", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05872620", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "type 2 diabetes with overweight or obesity", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05891496", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "standard of care (12-week period 1)" } ], "population": "other", "population_note": "Alzheimer's disease", "note": "Period 1 only; EG002 is period 2, when everyone received semaglutide." }, { "nct": "NCT05931380", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "obesity disease (Japan)", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05963022", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001", "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG003" ], "molecules": [ "tirzepatide" ], "background": "none (monotherapy)" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT05971940", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "diet and exercise" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT06010004", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label orforglipron doses only; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT06023095", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000", "EG001" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG002" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3502970 is orforglipron. One placebo group serves two titration cohorts (16 and 24 weeks)." }, { "nct": "NCT06041217", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG000" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT06045221", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "Open-label orforglipron vs oral semaglutide; both GLP-1 groups, no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT06109311", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "orforglipron" ], "background": "insulin glargine with or without metformin and/or SGLT-2 inhibitor" } ], "population": "type2_diabetes", "population_note": "", "note": "" }, { "nct": "NCT06124807", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG001", "EG002", "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "mazdutide" ], "background": "none" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "LY3305677 is mazdutide (named in the record)." }, { "nct": "NCT06440980", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "otherwise healthy adults with overweight or obesity", "note": "Open-label orforglipron tablet/capsule bioequivalence periods; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT06482112", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "other", "population_note": "metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease", "note": "Open-label efinopegdutide dosing regimens only; no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT06533527", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_placebo_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "mixed", "population_note": "people already on incretin therapy (T2D, obesity) before upper endoscopy", "note": "Continuing vs holding an existing GLP-1 medication; the hold arm gets no placebo." }, { "nct": "NCT06640972", "eligible": false, "exclusion_reason": "no_glp1_group", "comparisons": [], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "people with obesity discontinuing semaglutide or tirzepatide", "note": "Randomized drug is RDX-002 (MTP inhibitor) vs placebo; no arm receives a GLP-1 RA." }, { "nct": "NCT06771115", "eligible": true, "exclusion_reason": null, "comparisons": [ { "glp1_groups": [ "EG002" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG000" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "oral placebo for VTX3232" }, { "glp1_groups": [ "EG003" ], "placebo_groups": [ "EG001" ], "molecules": [ "semaglutide" ], "background": "VTX3232 30 mg" } ], "population": "overweight_obesity", "population_note": "", "note": "Factorial with VTX3232. Semaglutide has no matching placebo injection stated; counted because the design is quadruple-blind and not described as open-label, but its blinding is unclear." } ]