[
 {
  "trial": "T021",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Control group": {
    "randomized": "105",
    "analysed": "105"
   },
   "Racemic ketamine group": {
    "randomized": "104",
    "analysed": "104"
   },
   "High-dose S-ketamine group": {
    "randomized": "104",
    "analysed": "104"
   },
   "Low-dose S-ketamine group": {
    "randomized": "104",
    "analysed": "104"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "HAMD-17",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 1 (HAMD score); same values in Results, Patients' characteristics",
    "values": {
     "High-dose S-ketamine group": {
      "mean": "15.75",
      "sd": "4.58",
      "n": "104"
     },
     "Low-dose S-ketamine group": {
      "mean": "16.69",
      "sd": "4.96",
      "n": "104"
     },
     "Racemic ketamine group": {
      "mean": "16.20",
      "sd": "4.86",
      "n": "104"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "15.78",
      "sd": "4.81",
      "n": "105"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 2, Complication, n (%): Dizzy (1-month complication rate)",
    "values": {
     "High-dose S-ketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "14"
     },
     "Low-dose S-ketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "12"
     },
     "Racemic ketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "13"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "dizziness": "12"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": {
   "start": "2015-04",
   "end": "2018-07"
  },
  "registration": null,
  "note": "Postoperative HAMD-17 (days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7) and VAS pain (days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7) appear only in Figures 2 and 1 with no printed values, so no post-procedure depression or pain entries. Table 1 labels the baseline 'HAMD score'; Methods name it HAMD-17. Randomized n per arm from Methods; no patient was lost or withdrew, so analysed equals randomized (tables give n = 104/105). Table 2 complications are 1-month rates (nausea, dizzy, vomit); only dizzy maps to a listed AE. Enrollment dates (April 2015 to July 2018) are stated in Methods, not Results. No registration number given."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T038",
  "source": "registry",
  "arms": {
   "Ketamine Group": {
    "randomized": "1",
    "analysed": "1"
   },
   "Placebo Group": {
    "randomized": "0",
    "analysed": "0"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "PROMIS Emotional Distress-Depression Short Form",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Registry results: Pre-surgical Emotional Distress Related to Depression (Screening visit)",
    "values": {
     "Ketamine Group": {
      "mean": "27",
      "sd": "0",
      "n": "1"
     },
     "Placebo Group": {
      "n": "0"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PROMIS Emotional Distress-Depression Short Form",
    "day": 10,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Registry results: Post-surgical Emotional Distress Related to Depression (Day 10-14 Post-Operative Visit)",
    "values": {
     "Ketamine Group": {
      "mean": "14",
      "sd": "0",
      "n": "1"
     },
     "Placebo Group": {
      "n": "0"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PROMIS Emotional Distress-Depression Short Form",
    "day": 42,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Registry results: Post-surgical Emotional Distress Related to Depression (6-week follow-up visit)",
    "values": {
     "Ketamine Group": {
      "mean": "19",
      "sd": "0",
      "n": "1"
     },
     "Placebo Group": {
      "n": "0"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "overall",
    "location": "Registry adverse events (consent to 6 weeks): Ketamine Group serious 0/1, other 0/1",
    "values": {
     "Ketamine Group": {
      "any_ae": "0"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": null,
  "registration": {
   "number": "NCT04220489",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "Registry results only: 1 participant started and completed in the Ketamine Group, 0 in the Placebo Group; every outcome analysed 1 vs. 0. SD printed as 'spread=0'. The Day 10-14 value is the average of scores collected between POD 10 and POD 14, entered as day 10 as the design codes it. Pain: VAS and hydromorphone/opioid use are reported only as 72-h averages or at 6 weeks, not at 24 or 48 h, so no pain entries; Pain Catastrophizing Scale and post-surgical cold-pressor analysed 0 vs. 0. any_ae 0 read from serious 0/1 and other 0/1; the Placebo Group (0/0) is left out of the AE entry. No enrollment dates given."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T042",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Esketamine group": {
    "randomized": null,
    "analysed": "124"
   },
   "Control group": {
    "randomized": null,
    "analysed": "122"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "EPDS",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 1 (Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, mean ± SD); same in Results, first paragraph",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "3.6",
      "sd": "3.0",
      "n": "124"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "4.0",
      "sd": "2.1",
      "n": "122"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "EPDS",
    "day": 42,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, first paragraph (text; Fig. 2A has no printed values)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "6.87",
      "sd": "2.14"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "9.02",
      "sd": "2.21"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [
   {
    "measure": "NRS at rest",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, NRS paragraph (24 h)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "2.86",
      "sd": "0.58"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "3.01",
      "sd": "0.75"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "NRS at rest",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, NRS paragraph (48 h)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "1.91",
      "sd": "0.62"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "2.11",
      "sd": "0.43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "NRS on movement",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, NRS paragraph (24 h)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "3.39",
      "sd": "1.57"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "4.50",
      "sd": "0.80"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "NRS on movement",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, NRS paragraph (48 h)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "2.43",
      "sd": "0.87"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "3.56",
      "sd": "0.76"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "cumulative sufentanil consumption 0-24, 24-48, 0-48 h",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, sufentanil paragraph ('first day', 0-24 h), µg",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "42.5",
      "sd": "4.58"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "50.15",
      "sd": "5.47"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "cumulative sufentanil consumption 0-24, 24-48, 0-48 h",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Results, sufentanil paragraph ('second day'; 0-48 h cumulative per Fig. 2 caption), µg",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "87.40",
      "sd": "9.51"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "mean": "95.10",
      "sd": "9.36"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 2 (Analgesia-related adverse events, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "21"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "dizziness": "28"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": {
   "start": "2023-01",
   "end": "2023-09"
  },
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2200067054",
   "date": "2022-12-26"
  },
  "note": "Randomized n per arm not given (equal allocation planned, 123 per arm; 360 enrolled, exclusions including 29 lost to follow-up, 246 in the final study). Table 1 'Number' 122 (control) and 124 (esketamine) recorded as analysed. Text pairs 'X vs. Y' are read as esketamine vs. control, the order the Results use where Table 1 confirms it (baseline EPDS 3.6 ± 3.0 vs. 4.0 ± 2.1); same reading for day-42 EPDS, NRS and sufentanil. Day-42 EPDS from text only; n not given at any postoperative time. PPD incidence (EPDS ≥ 13) at 42 days is printed only as '22.2% and 10.7%, respectively' after 'lower in the group that received esketamine compared to the control group', so the 'respectively' order contradicts the stated direction; no counts printed, no count entry. Sufentanil 24-48 h interval (not entered): 43.50 ± 5.34 vs. 46.40 ± 3.86 µg. NRS at 2, 4, 8, 12 h not extracted. AE: the text gives dizziness 16.94% for placebo and 22.95% for esketamine, the reverse of Table 2 (control 28 (22.95), esketamine 21 (16.94)); table taken. Text says side effects occurred 'during the surgical procedure', but Methods record them throughout PCIA and Table 2 is analgesia-related, so window postoperative. Enrollment end printed 'September 31, 2023'."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T058",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Group S": {
    "randomized": null,
    "analysed": "42"
   },
   "Group C": {
    "randomized": null,
    "analysed": "43"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 1 (GDS-15, mean ± SD)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "mean": "4.6",
      "sd": "1.8",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "mean": "4.6",
      "sd": "2.0",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 2",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "mean": "3.7",
      "sd": "1.6",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "mean": "4.7",
      "sd": "1.6",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "GDS-15 ≥ 5",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 2 (Depression, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "events": "12",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "events": "23",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 7,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 7",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "mean": "3.5",
      "sd": "1.8",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "mean": "4.3",
      "sd": "1.7",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 7,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "GDS-15 ≥ 5",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 7 (Depression, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "events": "15",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "events": "21",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 30,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 30",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "mean": "3.4",
      "sd": "1.5",
      "n": "41"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "mean": "3.3",
      "sd": "1.6",
      "n": "41"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)",
    "day": 30,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "GDS-15 ≥ 5",
    "location": "Table 2, Postoperative day 30 (Depression, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "events": "10",
      "n": "41"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "events": "9",
      "n": "41"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [
   {
    "measure": "worst pain VAS",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (VAS, median (IQR), Postoperative day 1)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "1",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "1",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "worst pain VAS",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (VAS, median (IQR), Postoperative day 2)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0.75",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "1",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "effective PCIA presses",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (Effective press, median (IQR); window not stated)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "1",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "sufentanil consumption",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 3 (Sufentanil consumption, mean ± SD, µg; window not stated)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "mean": "89.9",
      "sd": "17.9",
      "n": "42"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "mean": "89.7",
      "sd": "15.9",
      "n": "43"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "overall",
    "location": "Table 5 (Adverse events)",
    "values": {
     "Group S": {
      "hallucination": "2",
      "dizziness": "5",
      "nightmare": "6"
     },
     "Group C": {
      "hallucination": "3",
      "dizziness": "3",
      "nightmare": "5"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": {
   "start": "2022-07",
   "end": "2023-08"
  },
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2200061956",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "90 randomized in total; per-arm randomized n not given (CONSORT figure only). Analysed 43 (C) and 42 (S); 41 and 41 at day 30 (2 C and 1 S lost). Day-2 GDS-15: Table 2 prints SDs 1.6 and 1.6, the Results text prints 3.7 ± 1.63 (S) vs. 4.7 ± 1.62 (C) with P = 0.07 (table P 0.007); table taken. Depression (GDS-15 ≥ 5) counts are separate count entries beside the mean_sd entries at days 2, 7 and 30. Table 3 VAS ('VAS, median (IQR)') taken as the design's worst pain VAS. Effective presses and sufentanil consumption have no stated window; PCIA ran 48 h, so entered at day 2 (an assumption). AE window not stated (esketamine given only in the postoperative PCIA), so overall. Table 5 row printed 'Hallucinationsn'."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T106",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Esketamine group": {
    "randomized": "50",
    "analysed": "50"
   },
   "Control group": {
    "randomized": "50",
    "analysed": "50"
   }
  },
  "depression": [],
  "pain": [
   {
    "measure": "VAS at rest",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (VAS scores at rest, Postoperative day 1)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "3",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "50"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "median": "3.5",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "50"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "VAS during movement (coughing/deep breathing)",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (VAS scores for movement, Postoperative day 1)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "3",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "50"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "median": "4",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "50"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "hydromorphone intake",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (Consumption of hydromorphone after surgery (mg), 24 h after surgery)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "5",
      "q1": "4",
      "q3": "5",
      "n": "50"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "median": "5",
      "q1": "4.5",
      "q3": "5",
      "n": "50"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "hydromorphone intake",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (Consumption of hydromorphone after surgery (mg), 48 h after surgery)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "9",
      "q1": "8.5",
      "q3": "9.5",
      "n": "50"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "median": "9",
      "q1": "8.5",
      "q3": "10",
      "n": "50"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 3 (Postoperative adverse events, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "1",
      "nightmare": "0",
      "agitation": "7"
     },
     "Control group": {
      "dizziness": "2",
      "nightmare": "0",
      "agitation": "5"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": null,
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2500096036",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "Source labels the arms 'Experimental' (esketamine) and 'Control'; 100 randomized 50/50, none lost, all analysed. HADS-D (and HADS-A) at POD -1, 1, 3, 5 appear only in Figure 4 (median with IQR, no printed values), so no depression entries. Table 2 'NRS score' is a sleep NRS, not pain. VAS not reported at POD 2 (POD 3 and 5 only); 'Immediately after surgery' (day 0) and intraoperative opioid not extracted. Table 3 values are median (quartiles) per Methods. Experimental movement VAS at POD 1 is printed '3 (3.4)', read as median 3 with IQR 3 to 4 (the period taken for the table's comma); the 'VAS scores for movement' heading row also carries a stray '3 (3,3)' in the Experimental column. AE: postoperative delirium (5 vs. 7) recorded under agitation; pruritis 0/0 and nausea/vomiting not listed categories. No enrollment dates given."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T112",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Esketamine": {
    "randomized": "218",
    "analysed": "207"
   },
   "Placebo (normal saline)": {
    "randomized": "217",
    "analysed": "203"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (Preoperative assessment, MADRS, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "24",
      "q1": "23",
      "q3": "27",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "24",
      "q1": "22",
      "q3": "27",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "severe depressive symptoms, MADRS ≥ 30",
    "location": "Table 1 (Severe depressive symptoms, n (%)); Results 3.1 (22/218, 22/217)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "22",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "22",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on POD3 (MADRS score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "15",
      "q1": "10",
      "q3": "20",
      "n": "207"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "18",
      "q1": "15",
      "q3": "22",
      "n": "203"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "remission, MADRS ≤ 10 (events are participants in remission, not with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2, Primary Outcome (Remission on day 3, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "59",
      "n": "207"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "23",
      "n": "203"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "response, MADRS reduction ≥ half of baseline (events are responders, not participants with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on POD3 (Response, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "89",
      "n": "207"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "35",
      "n": "203"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 5,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on discharge (MADRS score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "14",
      "q1": "10",
      "q3": "19",
      "n": "198"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "17",
      "q1": "13",
      "q3": "21",
      "n": "201"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 5,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "remission, MADRS ≤ 10 (events are participants in remission, not with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on discharge (Remission, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "62",
      "n": "198"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "30",
      "n": "201"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS (remission <=10 at POD 3 primary; response; scores at POD 3 and 5)",
    "day": 5,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "response, MADRS reduction ≥ half of baseline (events are responders, not participants with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on discharge (Response, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "86",
      "n": "198"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "47",
      "n": "201"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (Preoperative assessment, PHQ-9, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "12",
      "q1": "11",
      "q3": "14",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "12",
      "q1": "10",
      "q3": "13",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "PHQ-9 score ≥ 10 (moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms)",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on POD3 (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "52",
      "n": "207"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "81",
      "n": "203"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": 5,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "PHQ-9 score ≥ 10 (moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms)",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on discharge (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10, No./total (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "44",
      "n": "198"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "57",
      "n": "201"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "HADS",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (Preoperative assessment, HADS, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "22",
      "q1": "18",
      "q3": "25",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "21",
      "q1": "17",
      "q3": "24",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "HADS",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on POD3 (HADS score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "16",
      "q1": "11",
      "q3": "21",
      "n": "207"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "20",
      "q1": "16",
      "q3": "22",
      "n": "203"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "HADS",
    "day": 5,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2, Assessments on discharge (HADS score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "median": "17",
      "q1": "11",
      "q3": "21",
      "n": "198"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "median": "19",
      "q1": "15",
      "q3": "22",
      "n": "201"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [
   {
    "measure": "Moderate-to-severe pain (any NRS >=4 within 72 h)",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "NRS pain score > 3, 0–48 h",
    "location": "Table 2, Secondary Outcomes (NRS pain score > 3, 0–48 h, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "50",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "47",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Rescue analgesia, 0–48 h",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "received rescue analgesia, 0–48 h",
    "location": "Table 2, Secondary Outcomes (Rescue analgesia, 0–48 h, n (%))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "events": "58",
      "n": "218"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "events": "59",
      "n": "217"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 2, Adverse events; Results 3.4 (first 72 h after surgery)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine": {
      "dissociation": "19",
      "psychiatric_any": "23",
      "agitation": "4"
     },
     "Placebo (normal saline)": {
      "dissociation": "4",
      "psychiatric_any": "25",
      "agitation": "11"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": {
   "start": "2021-02",
   "end": "2024-06"
  },
  "registration": {
   "number": "NCT04425473",
   "date": "2020-06-11"
  },
  "note": "Stopped at the prespecified interim analysis (435 of 564 planned). 25 lost to follow-up; analysed 207/203 are the POD 3 denominators (discharge 198/201; Table 2 header n = 218/217, which pain and AE rows use). n for the median rows at POD 3 and discharge taken from the No./total rows of the same assessment. 'Assessments on discharge' entered as day 5 (Methods: follow-up on days 1, 2, 3, and 5 or at discharge; design lists days 3 and 5); the actual day is uncertain (median hospital stay 11 vs. 12 days). Remission and response count entries count participants in remission/response, not with depression; PHQ-9 ≥ 10 entries count participants with symptoms. Text gives day-3 remission as 28.3% (59/207); Table 2 prints 28.5; table taken. PHQ-9 and HADS are not in the design; source names used. The source defines HADS as Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression, but its baseline values (median 22, IQR 18-25 in the esketamine arm) exceed the 0-21 depression subscale, so it may be the total HADS. GAD-7 not extracted. AE: dissociative symptoms (CADSS ≥ 5) as dissociation; psychotic side effects (4-item BPRS ≥ 5) as psychiatric_any; delirium as agitation; manic symptoms (YMRS ≥ 5) 14 vs. 11 not mapped to a listed category; PONV not extracted. Enrollment dates are the screening period in Methods (February 19, 2021 to June 20, 2024)."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T117",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
    "randomized": "66",
    "analysed": "65"
   },
   "Placebo group": {
    "randomized": "65",
    "analysed": "65"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (MADRS score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "median": "25",
      "q1": "24",
      "q3": "27",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "median": "24",
      "q1": "24",
      "q3": "28",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "response, ≥ 50% decrease in MADRS from baseline (events are responders, not participants with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Response rate, POD 1)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "35",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "17",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "remission, MADRS ≤ 10 (events are participants in remission, not with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Remission rate, POD 1)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "22",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "7",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "difference",
    "location": "Results 3.1, paragraph after Table 2 (aMD from mixed-effects model; Figure 2 has no printed values)",
    "estimate": "-1.97",
    "lower": "-3.505",
    "upper": "-0.433",
    "level": "0.95",
    "scale": "mean_difference",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "response, ≥ 50% decrease in MADRS from baseline (events are responders, not participants with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Response rate, POD 2)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "39",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "26",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "remission, MADRS ≤ 10 (events are participants in remission, not with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Remission rate, POD 2)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "26",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "15",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "difference",
    "location": "Results 3.1, paragraph after Table 2 (aMD from mixed-effects model; Figure 2 has no printed values)",
    "estimate": "-1.68",
    "lower": "-3.213",
    "upper": "-0.141",
    "level": "0.95",
    "scale": "mean_difference",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "response, ≥ 50% decrease in MADRS from baseline (events are responders, not participants with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Response rate, POD 3)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "48",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "35",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "remission, MADRS ≤ 10 (events are participants in remission, not with depression)",
    "location": "Table 2 (MADRS Remission rate, POD 3)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "events": "37",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "events": "15",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "difference",
    "location": "Results 3.1, paragraph after Table 2 (aMD from mixed-effects model; Figure 2 has no printed values)",
    "estimate": "-2.046",
    "lower": "-3.582",
    "upper": "-0.510",
    "level": "0.95",
    "scale": "mean_difference",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (PHQ-9 score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "median": "16",
      "q1": "14",
      "q3": "17",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "median": "16",
      "q1": "14",
      "q3": "18",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2 (PHQ-9 score on POD 3, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "median": "6",
      "q1": "5",
      "q3": "8",
      "n": "65"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "median": "8",
      "q1": "6",
      "q3": "12",
      "n": "65"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 3 (POD 1: dizziness); Table 2 (POD 1: CADSS score > 0, BPRS score > 30)",
    "values": {
     "Experimental group (esketamine)": {
      "dizziness": "7",
      "dissociation": "1",
      "psychiatric_any": "3"
     },
     "Placebo group": {
      "dizziness": "7",
      "dissociation": "2",
      "psychiatric_any": "4"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": null,
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2300078540",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "Randomized 66 esketamine / 65 placebo; one esketamine patient excluded (data loss, discharged on POD 1), so analysed 65/65. Postoperative MADRS scores appear only in Figure 2; the text gives adjusted mean differences (aMD, mixed-effects model; negative favours esketamine), entered as difference entries with the arm n; the minus signs are printed as U+2010 hyphens and copied as '-'. Response and remission count entries count responders or remitters, not participants with depression. Postoperative NRS pain (2 h, 4 h, POD 1-3) is only in supplementary Table S6, not in the source, so no pain entries. AE entry is POD 1 only; the source reports each assessment separately (esketamine vs. placebo): CADSS > 0 (dissociation) POD 2 1 vs. 1, POD 3 3 vs. 1, 2 weeks 0 vs. 0, 1 month 0 vs. 0; BPRS > 30 (psychiatric_any; the source calls YMRS, CADSS and BPRS psychiatric adverse effects) POD 2 1 vs. 4, POD 3 1 vs. 4, 2 weeks 1 vs. 1, 1 month 0 vs. 3; dizziness POD 2 and POD 3 0 vs. 0. YMRS ≥ 5 (manic, no listed category): POD 1 4 vs. 3, POD 2 3 vs. 1, POD 3 3 vs. 1, 2 weeks 3 vs. 0, 1 month 2 vs. 0. Baseline (Table 1): CADSS ≠ 0 4 vs. 4, BPRS > 30 0 vs. 3, YMRS ≥ 5 13 vs. 21. HADS-A not extracted. No enrollment dates given."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T118",
  "source": "fulltext",
  "arms": {
   "Esketamine group": {
    "randomized": "42",
    "analysed": "18"
   },
   "Saline placebo group": {
    "randomized": "41",
    "analysed": "17"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "MADRS",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 1 (MADRS score, mean ± SD)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "19.39",
      "sd": "3.38",
      "n": "18"
     },
     "Saline placebo group": {
      "mean": "19.06",
      "sd": "3.82",
      "n": "17"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "PHQ-9",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "mean_sd",
    "location": "Table 1 (PHQ-9 score, mean ± SD)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "mean": "10.28",
      "sd": "2.24",
      "n": "18"
     },
     "Saline placebo group": {
      "mean": "9.82",
      "sd": "2.58",
      "n": "17"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [],
  "adverse_events": [],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": null,
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2300071062",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "Secondary MRI analysis of the EASE trial: 83 who consented to the RCT with MRI were randomized 42 esketamine / 41 placebo; 45 declined follow-up MRI and 3 were excluded for head motion, leaving 18 and 17 analysed (35 healthy controls, role other, not extracted). MADRS was assessed on POD 1-5 and at weeks 4 and 12, but only correlations with MADRS change are reported, no arm-level postoperative values. PHQ-9 is not in the design; source name used. No adverse events, blinding check or enrollment dates reported."
 },
 {
  "trial": "T123",
  "source": "library",
  "arms": {
   "Esketamine group": {
    "randomized": "60",
    "analysed": "57"
   },
   "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
    "randomized": "60",
    "analysed": "55"
   }
  },
  "depression": [
   {
    "measure": "Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)",
    "day": -1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 1 (HAMD score, median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "4",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "5.5",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "5",
      "q1": "3",
      "q3": "6",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)",
    "day": 1,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 3 (Data on postoperative Day 1, HAMD score)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "3",
      "q1": "2",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "4",
      "q1": "2",
      "q3": "6",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 4 (POD Two, HAMD score)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "2",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "3",
      "q1": "2",
      "q3": "4",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)",
    "day": 3,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 4 (POD Three, HAMD score)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0.5",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "2",
      "q1": "1",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)",
    "day": 7,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 4 (POD Seven, HAMD score)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "pain": [
   {
    "measure": "Number of PCIA attempts within 48 h (sufentanil PCIA)",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "median_iqr",
    "location": "Table 2 (Number of PCIA Attempt (times), median (IQR))",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "median": "0",
      "q1": "0",
      "q3": "2",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "median": "1",
      "q1": "0",
      "q3": "3",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "measure": "Rescue analgesics (flurbiprofen axetil) within 48 h",
    "day": 2,
    "form": "count",
    "definition": "needed rescue analgesia within 48 hours",
    "location": "Table 2 (Rescue analgesic (n, %)); Results, Secondary Outcomes (seven of 57 vs. 17 of 55)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "events": "7",
      "n": "57"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "events": "17",
      "n": "55"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "adverse_events": [
   {
    "window": "postoperative",
    "location": "Table 6 (Postoperative adverse events, PCIA start to POD 7); Table 5 (delirium, first 3 postoperative days)",
    "values": {
     "Esketamine group": {
      "dizziness": "3",
      "psychiatric_any": "0",
      "agitation": "5"
     },
     "Sufentanil group (PCIA sufentanil 2 ug/kg only)": {
      "dizziness": "7",
      "psychiatric_any": "1",
      "agitation": "8"
     }
    }
   }
  ],
  "blinding_check": null,
  "enrollment": {
   "start": "2024-06",
   "end": "2024-11"
  },
  "registration": {
   "number": "ChiCTR2400085319",
   "date": null
  },
  "note": "Randomized n per arm from Methods ('60 participants in each group were enrolled'; 120 randomized, 8 excluded); per-protocol analysed 55 sufentanil and 57 esketamine. Tables 3-4 'NRS score' rows sit under 'Subjective sleep quality' and Methods define that NRS as sleep (0 = best possible sleep), so they are not entered as pain; the Discussion and the mediation analysis (Figure 7, 'NRS1') treat NRS on POD 1-2 as a pain score. If read as pain: POD 1 3 (3 to 4) sufentanil vs. 3 (2 to 3.5) esketamine; POD 2 3 (2 to 4) vs. 2 (2 to 3). Pain NRS is otherwise not reported after surgery (Table 1 NRS 3 (2 to 3) vs. 3 (2 to 3) is preoperative pain). PCIA attempts (no window stated; PCIA ran 48 h) and rescue analgesia (within 48 h) entered at day 2. Table 2's esketamine column is printed apart from its row labels; values aligned by row order and matching P values (rescue 7 (12.3), P 0.016, agrees with the text). AE: 'Psychiatric symptoms' as psychiatric_any; postoperative delirium (3D-CAM, Table 5) as agitation; nausea/vomiting, drowsiness, pruritus not listed categories. Enrollment dates are the study period in Methods (June 10 to November 30, 2024)."
 }
]