[ { "trial": "T04", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "6-month (February 2022)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.01, "se": 0.37, "lower": -0.73, "upper": 0.74, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 18.08, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 18.07, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 6-month row (adjusted means, estimated impact, 95% CI, SE); means also in text p. 32", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "12-month (August 2022)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.5, "se": 0.44, "lower": -1.36, "upper": 0.37, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "not statistically significant", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 19.09, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 19.59, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 12-month row (adjusted means, estimated impact, 95% CI, SE); means also in text p. 32", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.1, "se": 0.42, "lower": -0.92, "upper": 0.72, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 19.54, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 19.64, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 18-month row (adjusted means, estimated impact, 95% CI, SE); means also in text p. 32", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "6-month (February 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale, short-form 4-item", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.05, "se": 0.15, "lower": -0.24, "upper": 0.33, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 6.32, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6.28, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 6-month row; means also in text p. 33", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "12-month (August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale, short-form 4-item", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.1, "se": 0.16, "lower": -0.41, "upper": 0.21, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 6.55, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6.65, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 12-month row; means also in text p. 33", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale, short-form 4-item", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.09, "se": 0.14, "lower": -0.2, "upper": 0.37, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.06, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6.97, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A (p. 70), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 18-month row; means also in text p. 33", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "6-month (February 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (4-item): share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 68 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 64 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 'Change in Stress Levels: Treatment vs. Control' (p. 33), 6 month bars (control 36% low / 64% high; treatment 32% low / 68% high); text p. 33 gives only the decreases from baseline (8 points treatment, 13 points control)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "12-month (August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (4-item): share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significantly lower", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 68 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 33 ('significantly lower high stress levels (68%) compared to the control group (74%)'); same numbers in the figure on p. 33, 12 month bars", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (4-item): share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 78 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 'Change in Stress Levels: Treatment vs. Control' (p. 33), 18 month bars (control 22% low / 78% high; treatment 18% low / 82% high)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (4-item): share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 76 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 33 ('slightly higher stress levels (82% vs. 76%) compared to the control group'); differs from the figure's 78% for control", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "12-month (August 2022)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "x²=35.64, p<0.01", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 40 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 28 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 36 'Trends in Employment' (40% of treatment vs 28% of control employed full-time at 12 months); also executive summary p. 5", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "6-month (February 2022)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "Figure only. Text: 'This pattern of higher full-time employment prevalence in the treatment group persisted over the duration of the study' (p. 36); 'Throughout the duration of the study, the treatment group consistently reported higher full-time employment on average compared to the control group' (p. 5)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 7 'Trends in Employment: Treatment vs. Control' (p. 37) prints no numbers in the text; sentences on pp. 5 and 36", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "Figure only. Text: 'This pattern of higher full-time employment prevalence in the treatment group persisted over the duration of the study' (p. 36); 'Throughout the duration of the study, the treatment group consistently reported higher full-time employment on average compared to the control group' (p. 5)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 7 'Trends in Employment: Treatment vs. Control' (p. 37) prints no numbers in the text; sentences on pp. 5 and 36", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "6-month (February 2022)", "randomized_treated": 130, "randomized_control": 156, "responded_treated": 78, "responded_control": 65, "where": "Appendix B 'Attrition Across Waves' (p. 74), 6 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "12-month (August 2022)", "randomized_treated": 130, "randomized_control": 156, "responded_treated": 96, "responded_control": 98, "where": "Appendix B 'Attrition Across Waves' (p. 74), 12 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" }, { "comparison": "T04-1", "wave": "18-month (February 2023)", "randomized_treated": 130, "randomized_control": 156, "responded_treated": 101, "responded_control": 99, "where": "Appendix B 'Attrition Across Waves' (p. 74), 18 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Cambridge-MA" } ], "notes": "Estimates are Appendix A adjusted means and estimated impacts after multiple imputation (MICE), 'adjusting for confounding factors' (p. 20); n analysed is not printed, so arm n is left null and respondents per wave are in attrition. Relative impact (%) columns not copied (same result rescaled). High-stress shares are read from the figure on p. 33 (each bar prints a low-stress and a high-stress share); at 18 months the control share is 78% in the figure and 76% in the text, both entered. Full-time employment has a number only at 12 months; Figure 7 prints none for 6 and 18 months. Not copied: part-time/seasonal employment (18% vs 15% at baseline, 35% vs 21% at 18 months) and stay-at-home caregivers (36% control vs 11% treatment at 6 months; 29% vs 12% at endline), which are neither any-employment nor full-time shares; household chaos (CHAOS) and SF-36 physical scales. The SF-36 mental-health subscales were not collected (p. 33). Payments were extended (Rise Up), so the planned post-payment survey did not occur." }, { "trial": "T07", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Levels (Perceived Stress Scale; version not named)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.85, "se": 0.26, "lower": -1.37, "upper": -0.34, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.3, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 8.15, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 6 months row; estimate, CI and p also in text p. 51", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Levels (Perceived Stress Scale; version not named)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.76, "se": 0.25, "lower": -1.25, "upper": -0.27, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.13, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.89, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 12 months row; estimate, CI and p also in text p. 51", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "18 months (June/August 2023, 6 months after payments ended)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Levels (Perceived Stress Scale; version not named)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.67, "se": 0.33, "lower": -1.31, "upper": -0.02, "level": 95, "p": 0.04, "p_text": "p=0.04", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 6.96, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.63, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 18 months row; estimate, CI and p also in text p. 51", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress scale (Kessler et al., 2003); version not named", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -1.51, "se": 1.3, "lower": -1.64, "upper": 3.45, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "no statistically significant differences in psychological distress, depression, or anxiety levels were observed between the two groups over the study duration", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 21.73, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 23.24, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 6 months row (CI copied as printed, not centred on the estimate); text p. 50", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress scale (Kessler et al., 2003); version not named", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.91, "se": 1.25, "lower": -0.96, "upper": 3.96, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "no statistically significant differences in psychological distress, depression, or anxiety levels were observed between the two groups over the study duration", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.73, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 23.64, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 12 months row (CI copied as printed, not centred on the estimate); text p. 50", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "18 months (June/August 2023, 6 months after payments ended)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress scale (Kessler et al., 2003); version not named", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.39, "se": 1.51, "lower": -0.15, "upper": 5.76, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "no statistically significant differences in psychological distress, depression, or anxiety levels were observed between the two groups over the study duration", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.54, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 22.15, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 10 (p. 71), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 18 months row (CI copied as printed, not centred on the estimate); text p. 50", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "depression (mean difference reported with the Kessler Psychological Distress scale; instrument not named)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.55, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "no statistically significant differences in psychological distress, depression, or anxiety levels were observed between the two groups over the study duration", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 50 ('depression (mean difference=-0.55)' six months after the first disbursement)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "anxiety (mean difference reported with the Kessler Psychological Distress scale; instrument not named)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.96, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "no statistically significant differences in psychological distress, depression, or anxiety levels were observed between the two groups over the study duration", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 50 ('anxiety (mean difference=-0.96)' six months after the first disbursement)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived stress: share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 73.04 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82.35 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 51 ('73.04% vs. 82.35% at 6 months and 65.22% vs. 85.29% at 12 months'), 6 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived stress: share with high stress", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 65.22 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 85.29 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 51 ('73.04% vs. 82.35% at 6 months and 65.22% vs. 85.29% at 12 months'), 12 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived stress: share reporting lower stress levels", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 26.29 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 17.65 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 51 ('proportion of participants reporting lower stress levels'), 6 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived stress: share reporting lower stress levels", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 34.78 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 14.71 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 51 ('proportion of participants reporting lower stress levels'), 12 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "18 months (June/August 2023, 6 months after payments ended)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived stress: share reporting lower stress levels", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 29.57 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 21.32 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 51 ('proportion of participants reporting lower stress levels'), 18 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed FT", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "The generalized linear model estimates confirmed that these changes in full-time employment were not statistically significant over time between groups.", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 14 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 23 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 8 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 45), row 'Employed FT', 6 MONTHS; sentence p. 43", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed FT", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "The generalized linear model estimates confirmed that these changes in full-time employment were not statistically significant over time between groups.", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 17 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 8 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 45), row 'Employed FT', 12 MONTHS; sentence p. 43", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "18 months (June/August 2023, 6 months after payments ended)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed FT", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "The generalized linear model estimates confirmed that these changes in full-time employment were not statistically significant over time between groups.", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 17 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 15 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 8 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 45), row 'Employed FT', 18 MONTHS; sentence p. 43; 18-month shares also in text p. 43", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "6 months (June/August 2022)", "randomized_treated": 115, "randomized_control": 134, "responded_treated": 68, "responded_control": 39, "where": "Appendix C Table 12 'Sample Attrition' (p. 74), 6 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "12 months (December 2022/February 2023, end of payments)", "randomized_treated": 115, "randomized_control": 134, "responded_treated": 54, "responded_control": 28, "where": "Appendix C Table 12 'Sample Attrition' (p. 74), 12 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" }, { "comparison": "T07-1", "wave": "18 months (June/August 2023, 6 months after payments ended)", "randomized_treated": 115, "randomized_control": 134, "responded_treated": 56, "responded_control": 27, "where": "Appendix C Table 12 'Sample Attrition' (p. 74), 18 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-Gainesville-FL" } ], "notes": "The report names neither the Kessler version nor the Perceived Stress Scale version. Kessler coded K10 because the baseline control mean (24.57) exceeds the K6's 0-24 range and the text refers to the 'global cut-off for moderate levels of psychological distress'; stress coded PSS-4 because means of 7 to 8 with 65-85% of participants classed as high stress fit only the 4-item form. Please check both. Kessler 95% CIs in Table 10 are copied as printed although they are not centred on the estimates (e.g. -1.51 with CI -1.64 to 3.45). Table 10 marks no stress estimate with stars; p-values come from the text. Depression and anxiety mean differences are printed only at 6 months, in text, without the instrument. Lower-stress shares are near-complements of the high-stress shares (both entered as printed). Full-time employment comes from mutually exclusive categories in Table 8; an any-employment share is not printed. Estimates are adjusted (GEE and regression-adjusted means after MICE); n analysed not printed (respondents in attrition)." }, { "trial": "T10", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (four-item)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.16, "se": null, "lower": -0.24, "upper": -0.07, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.001", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.63, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.78, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 26 (Mdiff from regression adjusting for baseline) and Table 9 means (6 months)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (four-item)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.16, "se": 0.04, "lower": -0.24, "upper": -0.07, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "0.00 (***)", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.63, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.79, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 6 months (multilevel adjusted means)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (four-item)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.03, "se": null, "lower": -0.12, "upper": 0.06, "level": 95, "p": 0.545, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.78, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.8, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 26 and Table 9 means (12 months)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (four-item)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.03, "se": 0.05, "lower": -0.12, "upper": 0.06, "level": 95, "p": 0.54, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.77, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.8, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), 'Perceived Stress Levels', 12 months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "18 months (Wave 4, August 2023, post-intervention)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (four-item)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.16, "se": 0.05, "lower": 0.07, "upper": 0.25, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.001", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 7.91, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 7.75, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 26 and Table 9 (18 months); same numbers in Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), which adds SE 0.05 and p 0.00", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.15, "se": null, "lower": -0.11, "upper": 0.41, "level": 95, "p": 0.246, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 21.77, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.73, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 27 (Mdiff) and Table 10 means (6 months)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.15, "se": 0.13, "lower": -0.11, "upper": 0.41, "level": 95, "p": 0.25, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 21.84, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.68, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 6 months (multilevel adjusted means)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.65, "se": null, "lower": 0.38, "upper": 0.93, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.001", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.24, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.69, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 27 (Mdiff) and Table 10 means (12 months)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.65, "se": 0.14, "lower": 0.38, "upper": 0.93, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "0.00 (***)", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.3, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.65, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 12 months (multilevel adjusted means)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "18 months (Wave 4, August 2023, post-intervention)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.14, "se": null, "lower": 0.85, "upper": 1.43, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.001", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.84, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.8, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Text p. 27 (Mdiff) and Table 10 means (18 months)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "18 months (Wave 4, August 2023, post-intervention)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003; K10 cut-offs 20/25/30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.14, "se": 0.15, "lower": 0.85, "upper": 1.43, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": "0.00 (***)", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 22.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 21.76, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix A Table 36 (p. 72), 'Kessler Psychological Distress', 18 months (multilevel adjusted means)", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 13 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 33 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 57), 6 MONTHS", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 15 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 18 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 33 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 57), 12 MONTHS", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "18 months (Wave 4, August 2023, post-intervention)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed full-time", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 18 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 18 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 33 'Trends in Employment (in %)' (p. 57), 18 MONTHS; text p. 56 ('ending at 18% for both groups at 18 months')", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "6 months (Wave 2, August 2022)", "randomized_treated": 3202, "randomized_control": 4992, "responded_treated": 1951, "responded_control": 1135, "where": "Appendix D Table 45 'Participant Attrition Over the Study Period' (p. 83), 6-months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "12 months (Wave 3, February 2023)", "randomized_treated": 3202, "randomized_control": 4992, "responded_treated": 2244, "responded_control": 1452, "where": "Appendix D Table 45 (p. 83), 12-months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" }, { "comparison": "T10-1", "wave": "18 months (Wave 4, August 2023, post-intervention)", "randomized_treated": 3202, "randomized_control": 4992, "responded_treated": 2332, "responded_control": 1760, "where": "Appendix D Table 45 (p. 83), 18-months", "source": "cgir:CGIR-Report-LA-CA-BIGLEAP" } ], "notes": "The text's estimates (regression adjusting for baseline values) and Appendix A Table 36 (two-level multilevel models) print the same mean differences and CIs but different arm means at most waves, so both are entered; for 18-month PSS every shared number is identical and it is entered once. Missing data were imputed with MICE; n analysed is not printed (respondents in attrition). Kessler version not named but the cut-offs given (<20 well, 20-24 mild, 25-29 moderate, 30+ severe) are the K10's. Full-time employment shares from Table 33 have no direct test; the report instead gives multinomial logistic coefficients against 'unemployed not looking for work' (full-time: 6 months B=.33, 12 months B=.35, 18 months B=.35, each p<.05; part-time: B=.65, .76, .51, p<.001), not copied as estimates. No any-employment share is printed; annual household income is not earnings. pmid:40633007 is an abstract without numeric results ('mixed health effects')." }, { "trial": "T25", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Felt anxious 'more than half of days' or 'nearly every day'", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -17.17, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 119, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 9.24 }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 26.42 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Felt anxious', 18 months; difference printed as absolute value 'Better by 17.17%*' (cash minus comparison entered as negative); note D=17.2; Ns from the table note; text p. 37", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Not able to stop worrying 'more than half of days' or 'nearly every day'", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -8.23, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 118, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 14.41 }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 22.64 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Not able to stop worrying', 18 months; difference printed as absolute value 'Better by 8.23%*' (cash minus comparison entered as negative); note D=8.2; Ns from the table note; text p. 37", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Struggling with mental health (self-rated mental health 'very poor' or 'poor')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -12.56, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 124, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 6.67 }, "control": { "n": 56, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 19.23 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Struggling with mental health', 18 months; difference printed as absolute value 'Better by 12.56%*' (cash minus comparison entered as negative); note D=12.6; Ns from the table note; text p. 37", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Felt anxious 'more than half of days' or 'nearly every day'", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.61, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "No difference", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 92, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 25.0 }, "control": { "n": 42, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 24.39 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Felt anxious', 24 months ('No difference'); value from the note's D=0.61 (24-month surveys); Ns from the unlabelled 24-month list in the note, assigned in row order; text p. 38", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Not able to stop worrying 'more than half of days' or 'nearly every day'", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -19.6, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 92, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16.3 }, "control": { "n": 41, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 35.9 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Not able to stop worrying', 24 months ('Better by 19.6%*'; note D=19.6); Ns assigned in row order from the note; text p. 38", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Struggling with mental health (self-rated mental health 'very poor' or 'poor')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -10.09, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 100, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 18.48 }, "control": { "n": 42, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 28.57 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 (p. 38), row 'Struggling with mental health', 24 months ('Better by 10.09%*'); Ns assigned in row order from the note; text p. 38", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Struggling with mental health (self-rated mental health 'very poor' or 'poor')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -10.0, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 12 note (p. 38), '24-month surveys: D=0.61, 19.6, 3.3, 10.0' (the fourth value, for 'Struggling with mental health', differs from the table's 10.09)", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed (full-time, part-time, self-employed, seasonal, or 'under the table')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -9.55, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 115, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 79.13 }, "control": { "n": 38, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 88.68 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 20 'Main Cohort Employment Status at 18 Months' (p. 48), row 'Employed'; difference printed as absolute value 9.55%* (note D=9.6); text p. 46 (79.1% vs 88.7%, 'a 9.55 percentage point advantage' for the comparison group)", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed (full-time, part-time, self-employed, seasonal, or 'under the table')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -18.89, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "significant at the p=0.05 probability level (*)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 90, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 71.11 }, "control": { "n": 30, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 90 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 21 'Main Cohort Employment Status at 24 Months' (p. 48), row 'Employed'; difference printed as absolute value 18.89%* (note D=18.9)", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed (full-time, part-time, self-employed, seasonal, or 'under the table')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -5.31, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "These differences were statistically significant", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 46 ('the comparison group showing a 9.55 percentage point advantage at 18 months and a 5.31 percentage point advantage at 24 months'); differs from Table 21", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Personal annual income from paid work (gross pay): share at $35,000 or more", "binary": true, "per": "year", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": "respondents answering the paid-work income question", "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 28, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 28.57 }, "control": { "n": 25, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 44.44 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 15 'Paid Work Annual Income of MoCo BOOST Participants at 18 Months' (p. 43), row '$35,000 or more' (Ns from the note: main cohort 28, comparison 25); text p. 42", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Personal annual income from paid work (gross pay): share at $35,000 or more", "binary": true, "per": "year", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": "respondents answering the paid-work income question", "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 54, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 20.37 }, "control": { "n": 15, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 26.67 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table 16 'Paid Work Annual Income of MoCo BOOST Participants at 24 Months' (p. 44), row '$35,000 or more' (Ns from the note: main cohort 54, comparison 15); text p. 43", "source": "aei:montgomery" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "18-month survey (April 2024)", "randomized_treated": 200, "randomized_control": 166, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized: recruitment section ('200 individuals were randomly selected'; 'The comparison group was made up of 166 individuals'). Per-group respondents not printed; the 18-month survey had 180 responses from 300 participants across the main and SEPH cohorts (Surveys section); item Ns for the comparison group are 38-56 (Tables 12, 20)", "source": "aei:montgomery" }, { "comparison": "T25-1", "wave": "24-month survey (November 2024)", "randomized_treated": 200, "randomized_control": 166, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Per-group respondents not printed; the 24-month survey had 148 responses across both cohorts (Surveys section); item Ns for the comparison group are 30-42 (Tables 12, 21)", "source": "aei:montgomery" } ], "notes": "Tables print group differences as absolute values ('Better by ...'); estimates are entered as cash minus comparison, negative when the cash group is lower. The 24-month Ns in the Table 12 note are printed without labels and were assigned in the table's row order (anxious 92/42, worrying 92/41, worried about children's mental health 91/39, struggling 100/42); please check. Note D values match the table up to rounding except 'Struggling with mental health' at 24 months (10.09 vs D=10.0), entered twice; the 24-month 'Felt anxious' table cell says only 'No difference' and the note gives D=0.61. 'Felt worried about children's mental health' (7.53 in the table, D=17.5 in the note) was not copied: it is not a measure of the adult's own symptoms. Employment at 24 months: Table 21 gives an 18.89-point gap and the text 5.31 points; both entered. Appendix A describes survey weights but the tables do not say whether they were applied; differences coded unadjusted. Earnings are printed only as distributions of annual paid-work income among the few who answered (28 vs 25 at 18 months; 54 vs 15 at 24 months); the $35,000 benchmark share the report discusses is entered as a binary and marked as a subgroup. The comparison group had no baseline survey. The SEPH cohort had no surveyed comparison group and is outside T25-1." }, { "trial": "T27", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T27-1", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly Work Hours", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.56, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table B 'Primary Outcomes by Key Demographics and Transfer Method' (p. 25), row 'Weekly Work Hours', Transfer Method column '$850/MONTH' (difference between treatment and control; significance shading not recoverable from the text)", "source": "aei:in-her-hands" }, { "comparison": "T27-1", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Moderate/Severe Mental Disorder (Kessler 10 categories)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.14, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table B (p. 25), row 'Moderate/Severe Mental Disorder', Transfer Method column '$850/MONTH' (difference between treatment and control; significance shading not recoverable)", "source": "aei:in-her-hands" }, { "comparison": "T27-2", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly Work Hours", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.31, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table B 'Primary Outcomes by Key Demographics and Transfer Method' (p. 25), row 'Weekly Work Hours', Transfer Method column 'LUMP SUM+$700/MONTH' (difference between treatment and control; significance shading not recoverable from the text)", "source": "aei:in-her-hands" }, { "comparison": "T27-2", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K10", "measure": "Moderate/Severe Mental Disorder (Kessler 10 categories)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.13, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Table B (p. 25), row 'Moderate/Severe Mental Disorder', Transfer Method column 'LUMP SUM+$700/MONTH' (difference between treatment and control; significance shading not recoverable)", "source": "aei:in-her-hands" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T27-1", "wave": "12-month survey (Year One)", "randomized_treated": 329, "randomized_control": 1716, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized from the article (p. 13: 329 received $850 per month; 1,716 not selected). 12-month counts by arm not printed; abstract pmid:41448443 gives 12-month participation rates of 40.8% (intervention, both arms) and 11.9% (control)", "source": "openalex:W7213452893" }, { "comparison": "T27-1", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "randomized_treated": 329, "randomized_control": 1716, "responded_treated": 134, "responded_control": 180, "where": "Article Tables 1-2 headers: '$850 (n = 134)', 'Comparison (n = 180)' at 24 months; text p. 13 (272 treatment, 180 comparison completed the 24-month survey); report p. 10 gives 272 (41.5%) and 180 (9.9%)", "source": "openalex:W7213452893" }, { "comparison": "T27-2", "wave": "12-month survey (Year One)", "randomized_treated": 325, "randomized_control": 1716, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized from the article (p. 13: second group n = 325). 12-month counts by arm not printed (see T27-1)", "source": "openalex:W7213452893" }, { "comparison": "T27-2", "wave": "24-month survey (Year Two, summer-fall 2024)", "randomized_treated": 325, "randomized_control": 1716, "responded_treated": 138, "responded_control": 180, "where": "Article Tables 1-2 headers: 'Lump Sum + $700 (n = 138)', 'Comparison (n = 180)' at 24 months", "source": "openalex:W7213452893" } ], "notes": "The final report pools both cash arms ('We, therefore, only report on the differences between receiving any treatment and the control group', p. 10); per-arm results appear only in Table B's transfer-method columns (24 months), entered here; for transfer method these are presumably each arm against the whole comparison group, and the mental-disorder values match a difference in proportions. Not entered because they pool Groups A and B, which matches neither design comparison: Year Two whole respondent sample (Appendix Tables A5 and A7; N=272 treatment, 180 control): employed full-time 44.7% vs 46.3% (employment status p=0.117; identical to the application-time figures in Table A1, so possibly a copy), weekly work hours mean (SD) 20.65 (18.38) vs 21.76 (19.25), p=0.545; Kessler 10 categories likely none 51.6% vs 32.4%, mild 15.2 vs 20.8, moderate 14.8 vs 13.9, severe 18.4 vs 32.9 (p<0.001). Respondents to both waves (N=263, Figures 6-7): full-time 31.5% vs 47.7% at Year One (p<0.05) and 40.7% vs 48.3% at Year Two (n.s.); weekly hours 17.39 vs 22.37 (p<0.05) and 18.81 vs 21.19 (n.s.). Abstract pmid:41448443 (pooled, GEE adjusted for site, age, wave; 468 recipients, 374 controls): 24-month K10 difference -3.99 (-5.45, -2.52); the 12-month K10 difference is not given as a number. If the review pools the arms, these could be entered under a pooled comparison. No per-arm results at 12 months. The comparison group had no baseline survey. openalex:W7213452893 (financial outcomes) supplied only arm sizes." }, { "trial": "T32", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-10", "measure": "Perceived stress score (from 0 to 40) (R)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.83, "se": 0.61, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 20.82, "sd": 7.02, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": 6.603, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 8 'Effect of GBI Payments on Overall Well-Being' (p. 19), row 'Perceived stress score (from 0 to 40) (R)', column (2) ITT effect, unweighted, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1); baseline SD from Table 2 column (2), full sample", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-10", "measure": "Perceived stress score (from 0 to 40) (R)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.94, "se": 0.67, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 20.82, "sd": 7.02, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": 6.603, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 8 'Effect of GBI Payments on Overall Well-Being' (p. 19), row 'Perceived stress score (from 0 to 40) (R)', column (4) ITT effect, weighted for observable attrition, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1); baseline SD from Table 2 column (2), full sample", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction ladder (from 0 to 10) (Cantril)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.67, "se": 0.21, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 5.1, "sd": 2.29, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 8 (p. 19), row 'Life satisfaction ladder (from 0 to 10)', column (2) ITT effect, unweighted, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction ladder (from 0 to 10) (Cantril)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.61, "se": 0.23, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 5.1, "sd": 2.29, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 8 (p. 19), row 'Life satisfaction ladder (from 0 to 10)', column (4) ITT effect, weighted for observable attrition, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Currently employed", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.1, "se": 0.039, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": null, "sd": 0.499, "proportion": 0.463 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 'Effect of GBI Payments on Income and Employment' (p. 15), row 'Currently employed', column (2) ITT effect, unweighted, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Currently employed", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.112, "se": 0.041, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": null, "sd": 0.499, "proportion": 0.463 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 'Effect of GBI Payments on Income and Employment' (p. 15), row 'Currently employed', column (4) ITT effect, weighted for observable attrition, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Currently employed full time (at least 35 hours a week)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.0, "se": 0.037, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": null, "sd": 0.459, "proportion": 0.3 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 (p. 15), row 'Currently employed full time', column (2) ITT effect, unweighted, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "employed_full_time", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Currently employed full time (at least 35 hours a week)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.005, "se": 0.038, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": null, "sd": 0.459, "proportion": 0.3 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 (p. 15), row 'Currently employed full time', column (4) ITT effect, weighted for observable attrition, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Income sources: Earned (annual)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -1173, "se": 1327, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 13984, "sd": 16480, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 (p. 15), row 'Income sources: Earned', column (2) ITT effect, unweighted, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" }, { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Income sources: Earned (annual)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -712, "se": 1241, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 218, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 300, "mean": 13984, "sd": 16480, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 5 (p. 15), row 'Income sources: Earned', column (4) ITT effect, weighted for observable attrition, full controls; control mean and SD in column (1)", "source": "aei:rochester" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T32-1", "wave": "12-month follow-up survey (final month of payments)", "randomized_treated": 410, "randomized_control": 11180, "responded_treated": 218, "responded_control": 300, "where": "Section 2.1 (410 treatment, 11,180 control) and 2.3.1/A.1.1 (all 410 treatment and a random 1,000 controls invited; 218 and 300 completed, 53.1% and 30.0%)", "source": "aei:rochester" } ], "notes": "Each outcome has four estimates with full baseline controls: ITT and TOT, each unweighted and weighted for observable attrition. T32-1 is the assignment comparison (410 contacted vs control), so both ITT estimates are entered. The TOT estimates (effect of receipt; the report's headline column 5) are: perceived stress -3.00 (0.63) unweighted, -3.12 (0.70) weighted; life satisfaction 0.71 (0.22), 0.65 (0.25); employed 0.106 (0.041), 0.118 (0.043); full-time 0.000 (0.039), 0.005 (0.039); earned income -$1,246 (1,384), -$755 (1,295). Percent-change column not copied. Only 1,000 of the 11,180 controls were invited to the survey. Earned income is self-reported for the previous year and was cleaned for monthly/annual confusion (Appendix A.1.2)." }, { "trial": "T37", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "final survey (18 months)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed ('Were you employed last week?')", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 87 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 75 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 17 ('increased significantly to 87% ... the percentage of comparison households did not change (74% BL, 75% final)'; the 95% confidence statement is for participants' change from baseline); final-survey table p. 29", "source": "pilot:argu_1" }, { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "final survey (18 months)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Zero days in the past month that stress, anxiety, or sadness prevented usual activities", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 72 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 59 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 23 (participants 54% at baseline to 72% at final, 99% confidence for the change; comparison 58% to 59%)", "source": "pilot:argu_1" }, { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "final survey (18 months)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly income from work (median)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "Medians only: participants $1,200 at baseline to $1,640 at the final survey; comparison $1,280 to $1,400 (no test)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 18; medians cannot be entered as means, so numbers are null", "source": "pilot:argu_1" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "6-month survey", "randomized_treated": 200, "randomized_control": 100, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomization p. 10 (200 participant, 100 comparison); no per-survey response counts printed", "source": "pilot:argu_1" }, { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "12-month survey", "randomized_treated": 200, "randomized_control": 100, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "No per-survey response counts printed", "source": "pilot:argu_1" }, { "comparison": "T37-1", "wave": "final survey (18 months)", "randomized_treated": 200, "randomized_control": 100, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "No per-survey response counts printed (one of 200 participants declined surveys, p. 11)", "source": "pilot:argu_1" } ], "notes": "The report gives each group's baseline and final-survey percentages without a between-group test; its confidence statements refer to participants' change from baseline. Nothing is reported for the 6- and 12-month surveys. Income from work is reported only as medians (entered with null numbers); medians among the employed ($1,573 to $1,900 vs $1,600 to $1,800), hourly wages and total income not copied. Subgroup tables (housing grant, undocumented, returning from incarceration) cover participants only. The evaluation was not run as a formal RCT but the comparison group was drawn at random from the same pool." }, { "trial": "T39", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T39-1", "wave": "two-year mark", "class": "distress", "instrument": "other", "measure": "risk of psychological distress (instrument not named)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'The risk of psychological distress fell by 23% for families receiving direct cash during the two-year program, while it increased by 8% among families not receiving payments.' Also: 'much less likely to experience psychological distress'", "kind": "difference", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "p. 2 'Direct cash by the numbers' (within-group changes) and p. 7 side text; no numbers for levels or the difference", "source": "pilot:chvg_1" }, { "comparison": "T39-1", "wave": "two-year mark", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "satisfied with their lives (instrument not named)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'Families in the program were more likely to report that they were satisfied with their lives than others'", "kind": "difference", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "p. 7 side text; sentence only", "source": "pilot:chvg_1" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T39-1", "wave": "two-year mark", "randomized_treated": 50, "randomized_control": 50, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "p. 8 (50 families selected by lottery; 'equal size control group'); respondents not printed", "source": "pilot:chvg_1" } ], "notes": "Short program report with no numeric results for these outcomes: distress is described as within-group percent changes in 'risk' and life satisfaction only in a sentence; instruments and respondent counts are not given." }, { "trial": "T52", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "First year of the experiment (2017), employment registers", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings (€ per year; registers)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 9.1, "se": 145.6, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.95, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 4251, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 3 'Treatment effects of basic income' (p. 19), row 'Earnings', 2017 columns (control mean, estimate, S.E., p-value; OLS with controls)", "source": "openalex:W3167377507" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Second year of the experiment (2018), employment registers", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings (€ per year; registers)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 295.3, "se": 210.3, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.16, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6715, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 3 'Treatment effects of basic income' (p. 19), row 'Earnings', 2018 columns (control mean, estimate, S.E., p-value; OLS with controls)", "source": "openalex:W3167377507" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "First year of the experiment (2017), employment registers", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Labor income (annual; FOLK registers)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -55.725, "se": 148.464, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 4325.774, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table A7 'Impact ... on Labor Market Outcomes' (p. 42), Panel A (Year 2017), column (2) Labor Income; observations 173,918 (both arms)", "source": "openalex:W4417138655" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Second year of the experiment (2018), employment registers", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Labor income (annual; FOLK registers)", "binary": false, "per": "year", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 217.228, "se": 216.317, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6788.194, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table A7 'Impact ... on Labor Market Outcomes' (p. 42), Panel B (Year 2018), column (2) Labor Income; observations 172,850 (both arms)", "source": "openalex:W4417138655" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "First year of the experiment (2017), employment registers", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed at year-end (registers)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.025, "se": 0.01, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.259 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table A7 (p. 42), Panel A (Year 2017), column (3) Employed; observations 173,918 (both arms)", "source": "openalex:W4417138655" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Second year of the experiment (2018), employment registers", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed at year-end (registers)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.023, "se": 0.01, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.334 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table A7 (p. 42), Panel B (Year 2018), column (3) Employed; observations 172,850 (both arms)", "source": "openalex:W4417138655" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "First year of the experiment (2017), employment registers", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly share with days in employment (registers)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'Employment in the treatment group followed this trend very closely, and none of the monthly estimates measuring the difference between the groups differs significantly from zero.'", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2 and text p. 15 (Section 4.1); figure only, no number for the difference", "source": "openalex:W3167377507" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Second year of the experiment (2018), employment registers", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly share with days in employment (registers)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'the monthly employment share is fairly consistently around two pp higher in the treatment group' (no test; coincides with the 2018 benefit reform)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2 and text p. 15 (Section 4.1); figure only", "source": "openalex:W3167377507" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "MHI-5", "measure": "MHI-5 (rescaled 0-100): poor mental health, score 52 or less", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.08, "se": null, "lower": -0.12, "upper": -0.03, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 546, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16.3 }, "control": { "n": 981, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 23.5 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Abstract (adjusted risk difference -0.08 [95%CI: -0.12; -0.03]) and Results p. 10 ('risk difference was 8 percentage points (95%CI: -012; -0.03)'); arms from Table 1 (unweighted: 89 (16.3%) vs 231 (23.5%); text says 16% vs 24%); adjusted for survey weights and background variables", "source": "openalex:W4416858567" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "MHI-5", "measure": "MHI-5 (rescaled 0-100): poor mental health, score 52 or less", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.62, "se": null, "lower": 0.47, "upper": 0.82, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "odds_ratio", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": 546, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16.3 }, "control": { "n": 981, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 23.5 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Results p. 10 ('The adjusted OR comparing the treatment and the control group was 0.62 (95%CI: 0.47; 0.82)'); arms from Table 1", "source": "openalex:W4416858567" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "MHI-5", "measure": "MHI-5 (rescaled 0-100): poor mental health, score 52 or less", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -7, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Discussion p. 14 ('a moderately (about 7 percentage point) lower risk of mood and anxiety disorders in the treatment group'); approximate restatement that differs from the 8 points elsewhere", "source": "openalex:W4416858567" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "MHI-5", "measure": "MHI-5, dichotomized: mental strain", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.08, "se": null, "lower": -0.13, "upper": -0.03, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 569, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 1028, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Abstract ('risk difference -0.08 %-points [95%CI:-0.13; -0.03]'; printed unit '%-points' but the value is a proportion); survey n 569 treated, 1028 control; adjusted for survey weights and background variables", "source": "pmc:PMC12555240" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "MHI-5", "measure": "MHI-5, dichotomized: mental strain", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.61, "se": null, "lower": 0.45, "upper": 0.83, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "odds_ratio", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": 569, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 1028, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Abstract ('adjusted OR 0.61 [95%CI: 0.45; 0.83]')", "source": "pmc:PMC12555240" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed at the end of the experiment (employee or self-employed; survey)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.277, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.159, "p_text": "Sig. 0.159 (B=0.245)", "kind": "odds_ratio", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table 1, Model 1 (binary logistic regression with gender, Treatment*Gender, age, education, ability to work); Treatment Exp(B); text section 3.1 ('about 1.3 times higher ... not significant'); because of the interaction term the coefficient is strictly the effect in the reference gender", "source": "pmid:36767105" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "life satisfaction (survey; instrument not given in abstract)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'the treatment group, compared to the control group, reported higher life satisfaction, better health, less mental distress and depression, stronger cognitive capabilities' (abstract; identical abstract in openalex:W3193176234)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Abstract only, no numbers; also openalex:W4285086002 p. 28 ('answered more positively on questions concerning life satisfaction, overall health, mental health')", "source": "openalex:W4245106623" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "other", "measure": "mental distress (survey; instrument not given in abstract)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'the treatment group, compared to the control group, reported higher life satisfaction, better health, less mental distress and depression, stronger cognitive capabilities' (abstract; identical abstract in openalex:W3193176234)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Abstract only, no numbers", "source": "openalex:W4245106623" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "depression (survey; instrument not given in abstract)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'the treatment group, compared to the control group, reported higher life satisfaction, better health, less mental distress and depression, stronger cognitive capabilities' (abstract; identical abstract in openalex:W3193176234)", "kind": "difference", "scale": "other" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Abstract only, no numbers", "source": "openalex:W4245106623" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "First year of the experiment (2017), employment registers", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 173222, "responded_treated": 2000, "responded_control": null, "where": "Hämäläinen & Verho Table 4 (p. 21): N treated 2,000 for the register analysis (no attrition in registers); control analysed not printed there. NBER (openalex:W4417138655) Table A7 reports 173,918 observations across both arms", "source": "openalex:W4285086002" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "End-of-experiment telephone survey (15 October to 14 December 2018)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 173222, "responded_treated": 586, "responded_control": 1047, "where": "Survey respondents: Kangas et al. abstract (n = 586 treatment, 1047 control); response rates 31% and 20%. MHI-5 analyses used 569/1028 (PMC12555240) or 546/981 (W4416858567, complete cases); the survey sample was all 2,000 treated and 5,600 controls drawn from the control group", "source": "pmid:36767105" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Second year of the experiment (2018), employment registers", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 173222, "responded_treated": 2000, "responded_control": null, "where": "Hämäläinen & Verho Table 4 (p. 21): N treated 2,000 for the register analysis (no attrition in registers); control analysed not printed there. NBER (openalex:W4417138655) Table A7 reports 172,850 observations across both arms", "source": "openalex:W4285086002" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "Experiment period (2017 to 2018), health registers", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 173222, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Health-register analyses (no entries); analysed counts not printed in the local files", "source": "openalex:W4414272693" }, { "comparison": "T52-1", "wave": "After the experiment, health registers", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 173222, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Health-register analyses (no entries); analysed counts not printed in the local files", "source": "openalex:W4414272693" } ], "notes": "Days in employment, the trial's primary register outcome (Verho et al. Table 3; Hämäläinen & Verho Table 4: 2017 control mean 49.06, estimate 1.54 (SE 1.98), p=0.44; 2018 control mean 77.34, estimate 6.63 (2.71), p=0.01), is not a codebook class and is not entered. 2018 register effects coincide with the 1 January 2018 unemployment-benefit reform that tightened conditions asymmetrically, so the authors read them as a joint effect. Health-register outcomes (psychotropic medication use, mental-health visits; W4414272693, W7131668656, abstracts only, sentences) are not codebook classes, so the two health-register waves have no entries. End-of-experiment survey: the MHI-5 'poor mental health/mental strain' results differ slightly between the working paper (W4416858567) and the published abstract (PMC12555240), so both are entered, with the working paper's 'about 7 percentage point' restatement. Life satisfaction, mental distress and depression appear only as sentences. Survey employment (Kangas et al.) is an odds ratio from a model with a treatment-by-gender interaction; the gender-specific shares (treatment 35% of women, 34% of men; control 27%, 29%) were not entered. pmid:40138003 (not marked as a result report) restates register employment rates citing Verho (2022): 8% to 18% in both groups during 2017, and 27% vs 25% in 2018; not entered. The survey had low response (31% treated, 20% control) and used non-response weights." }, { "trial": "T54", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.722, "se": 0.0973, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": 6.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": 6.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "6-month report Table 8 (p. 22; net effect +0.7***) and Appendix II 'Life satisfaction' Interaction (p. 47); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.098, "se": 0.0248, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 58.66 }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74.72 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "6-month report Table 10 (p. 25; net effect -9.8 percentage points***) and Appendix II 'Depression (4 weeks)' Interaction (p. 47); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0968, "se": 0.0216, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 73.38 }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82.84 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "6-month report Table 11 (p. 25; net effect -9.6 percentage points***) and Appendix II 'Anxiety (4 weeks)' Interaction (p. 47); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "general_mental_health", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or anxious 'all of the time' in the previous six months", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0363, "se": 0.0139, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 2.41 }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 8.43 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "6-month report Table 12 (p. 26; net effect -3.6 percentage points***) and Appendix II 'Depression or anxiety (6 months)' Interaction (p. 48); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.315, "se": 0.866, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": 5.6, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": 10.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "6-month report Table 7 (p. 21; net effect -3.3 hrs***) and Appendix II 'Work in other sectors' Interaction (p. 46); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share low (1-5)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16.57 }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 32.37 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "6-month report Table 9 'Life Satisfaction Levels Comparison' (p. 23), 'Low (0-5 points)'", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share high (9-10)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1991, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 10.7 }, "control": { "n": 973, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 6.58 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "6-month report Table 9 (p. 23), 'High (9-10 points)'", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.704, "se": 0.1, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": 6.8, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": 6.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 21 (p. 51; net effect +0.7***, with covariates +0.6***) and Appendix II Table 46 column (1) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.639, "se": 0.101, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": 6.8, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": 6.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 21 (p. 51; net effect +0.7***, with covariates +0.6***) and Appendix II Table 46 column (2) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0613, "se": 0.0248, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 61.71 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74.09 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 22 (p. 53-54; net effect -6.1 percentage points**, with covariates -5.6**) and Appendix II Table 46 column (3) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0559, "se": 0.0253, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 61.71 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74.09 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 22 (p. 53-54; net effect -6.1 percentage points**, with covariates -5.6**) and Appendix II Table 46 column (4) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0816, "se": 0.0215, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74.86 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82.8 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 23 (p. 56; net effect -8.2 percentage points***, with covariates -7.6***) and Appendix II Table 46 column (5) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.076, "se": 0.0219, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 74.86 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 82.8 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 23 (p. 56; net effect -8.2 percentage points***, with covariates -7.6***) and Appendix II Table 46 column (6) Interaction (p. 85); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.735, "se": 0.927, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": 6.4, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": 10.3, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 18 (p. 45; net effect -2.7 hours***, with covariates -2.3 hours**) and Appendix II Table 43 column (1) Interaction (p. 83-84); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.266, "se": 0.933, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": 6.4, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": 10.3, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "First-year report Table 18 (p. 45; net effect -2.7 hours***, with covariates -2.3 hours**) and Appendix II Table 43 column (2) Interaction (p. 83-84); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share low (1-5)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 19.8 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 34.51 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "First-year report Figure 12 'Life Satisfaction Distribution' (p. 51), Oct 23 'Low'; also Figure 13", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share high (9-10)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1985, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 11.28 }, "control": { "n": 965, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 6.63 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "First-year report Figure 12 (p. 51), Oct 23 'High'; also Figure 13", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share high (9-10)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 11 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 6.5 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "First-year report text p. 52 ('This compares to 6.5% in the control group and 11% in the treatment group in October 2023'); differs from Figure 12's 6.63%", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 6.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 6.0, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Table 24 (p. 68), April 2024 column (group means only; no estimate for this wave in the report)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 59.4 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 76.72 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Table 25 (p. 72), April 2024 column (group means only; no estimate for this wave in the report)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 72.7 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 83.17 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Table 26 (p. 74), April 2024 column (group means only; no estimate for this wave in the report)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": 5.5, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": 10.5, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Table 22 (p. 63), April 2024 column (group means only; no estimate for this wave in the report)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.131, "se": 0.102, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": 7.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": 5.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 24 (p. 68; net effect +1.1***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (1) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.124, "se": 0.101, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": 7.1, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": 5.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 24 (p. 68; net effect +1.1***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (2) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.15, "se": 0.025, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 54.09 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 75.35 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 25 (p. 72; net effect -15 percentage points***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (3) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Depressed or downhearted in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.152, "se": 0.025, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 54.09 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 75.35 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 25 (p. 72; net effect -15 percentage points***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (4) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.159, "se": 0.0217, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 68.63 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 84.35 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 26 (p. 74; net effect -16 percentage points***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (5) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Anxious in the last four weeks (yes/no)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.158, "se": 0.0217, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 68.63 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 84.35 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 26 (p. 74; net effect -16 percentage points***) and Appendix III Table 46 column (6) Interaction (p. 105); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.538, "se": 0.797, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": 6.2, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": 10.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 22 (p. 63; net effect -3.5 hours***, with covariates -3.6***) and Appendix III Table 43 column (1) Interaction (p. 103); difference-in-differences against October 2022, no covariates", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Weekly hours working for pay outside the arts sector", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.644, "se": 0.79, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": 6.2, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": 10.9, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Two-year report Table 22 (p. 63; net effect -3.5 hours***, with covariates -3.6***) and Appendix III Table 43 column (2) Interaction (p. 103); difference-in-differences against October 2022, with covariates (gender, education, years working in the arts, disability, weekly care hours)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share low (1-5)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 15.4 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 37.08 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Figure 22 'Life Satisfaction Distribution' (p. 69), Oct 24 'Low'; also Figure 23", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share high (9-10)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": 1968, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 16.83 }, "control": { "n": 952, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 5.14 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report Figure 22 (p. 69), Oct 24 'High'; also Figure 23", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction: share low (1-5)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": null, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 15 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 40 }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Two-year report text p. 70 ('This compares to 40% of the control group and roughly 15% in the treatment group in October 2024'); differs from Figure 22's 37.08% for control", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale; '0-10' in one place)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.739, "se": 0.0662, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (1) Life Satisfaction (p. 52), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0983, "se": 0.0183, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (2) Feeling anxious (p. 52), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling depressed (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0991, "se": 0.0205, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (3) Feeling depressed (p. 52), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Hours in work outside the arts (weekly)", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.266, "se": 0.629, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Sectoral retention impacts' column (2) Hours in work outside the arts (p. 51), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 464.7, "se": 113.2, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (3) Income from the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control); not adjusted for BIA payments misreported as arts income", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from outside the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -233.9, "se": 99.23, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (4) Income from outside the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 1 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale; '0-10' in one place)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.706, "se": 0.0739, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (1) Life Satisfaction (p. 52), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0827, "se": 0.0185, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (2) Feeling anxious (p. 52), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling depressed (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.0604, "se": 0.0209, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (3) Feeling depressed (p. 52), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Hours in work outside the arts (weekly)", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.676, "se": 0.781, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Sectoral retention impacts' column (2) Hours in work outside the arts (p. 51), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 697.8, "se": 114.6, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (3) Income from the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control); not adjusted for BIA payments misreported as arts income", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from outside the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -191.6, "se": 101.7, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.1", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (4) Income from outside the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 2 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale; '0-10' in one place)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.9, "se": 0.0797, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (1) Life Satisfaction (p. 52), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.106, "se": 0.0188, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (2) Feeling anxious (p. 52), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling depressed (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.109, "se": 0.0215, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (3) Feeling depressed (p. 52), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Hours in work outside the arts (weekly)", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.628, "se": 0.575, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Sectoral retention impacts' column (2) Hours in work outside the arts (p. 51), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 547.1, "se": 110.6, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (3) Income from the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control); not adjusted for BIA payments misreported as arts income", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from outside the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -339.4, "se": 107.7, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (4) Income from outside the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 3 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale; '0-10' in one place)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 1.13, "se": 0.0813, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (1) Life Satisfaction (p. 52), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.157, "se": 0.0191, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (2) Feeling anxious (p. 52), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling depressed (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.147, "se": 0.0219, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (3) Feeling depressed (p. 52), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Hours in work outside the arts (weekly)", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -3.451, "se": 0.571, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Sectoral retention impacts' column (2) Hours in work outside the arts (p. 51), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 680.3, "se": 109.7, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (3) Income from the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control); not adjusted for BIA payments misreported as arts income", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from outside the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -321.7, "se": 109.9, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (4) Income from outside the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 4 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "life_satisfaction", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Life satisfaction (1-10 scale; '0-10' in one place)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.913, "se": 0.0831, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (1) Life Satisfaction (p. 52), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.131, "se": 0.0197, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (2) Feeling anxious (p. 52), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "depression", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling depressed (probability; last four weeks)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.112, "se": 0.023, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Wellbeing impacts' column (3) Feeling depressed (p. 52), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "hours", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Hours in work outside the arts (weekly)", "binary": false, "per": "week", "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -4.321, "se": 0.62, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "hours" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Sectoral retention impacts' column (2) Hours in work outside the arts (p. 51), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 685.5, "se": 113.7, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.01", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (3) Income from the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control); not adjusted for BIA payments misreported as arts income", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Monthly personal take-home income from outside the arts", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "EUR", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -276.2, "se": 108.4, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p<0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 1961, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 893, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis Appendix 2 'Panel regression analysis', 'Deprivation and income' column (4) Income from outside the arts (p. 53), row 'Wave 5 * treatment' (wave-by-wave panel DiD with individual fixed effects, SE clustered by individual); analysis sample: completed baseline and April 2025 (1,961 treatment, 893 control)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2023 (6 months)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 997, "responded_treated": 1991, "responded_control": 973, "where": "6-month report p. 13 ('final groups in April 2023': treatment 1991, control 973; baseline 2,000 and 997)", "source": "pilot:bifa_3" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2023 (1 year)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 997, "responded_treated": 1985, "responded_control": 965, "where": "First-year report p. 16 ('final groups in October 2023': treatment 1985, control 965)", "source": "pilot:bifa_2" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2024 (18 months)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 997, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "April 2024 counts not printed; two-year report p. 19 says October 2024 retention (98.4%, 95.49%) declined 0.85 and 1.50 points from the previous survey", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "October 2024 (2 years)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 997, "responded_treated": 1968, "responded_control": 952, "where": "Two-year report p. 19 ('final groups in October 2024': treatment 1968, control 952)", "source": "pilot:bifa_1" }, { "comparison": "T54-1", "wave": "April 2025 (2.5 years)", "randomized_treated": 2000, "randomized_control": 997, "responded_treated": 1961, "responded_control": 893, "where": "Cost-benefit analysis p. 7 (analysis sample completing baseline and April 2025: 1,961 treatment, 893 control; baseline 2,000 and 996)", "source": "pilot:bifa_4" } ], "notes": "Four reports: the 6-month (bifa_3), first-year (bifa_2) and two-year (bifa_1) impact assessments each estimate a two-period difference-in-differences against the October 2022 baseline survey (bifa_3 without covariates; bifa_2 and bifa_1 with and without), and the cost-benefit analysis (bifa_4) estimates wave-by-wave panel DiD models with individual fixed effects through April 2025. All DiD estimates are coded adjusted_difference; they differ across reports, so each is entered. Group means are printed identically in all three impact reports and are attached to each report's own estimate; April 2024 means (no estimate in bifa_1) are entered without one. Not entered: bifa_4's aggregate DiD (Tables 2-6; averages over all post waves, matching no wave) and heterogeneity tables; arts-practice time-use hours (making work, research, admin, presenting, training, travel, volunteering, mentoring: bifa_1 Tables 12, 36-37; bifa_2 Tables 7-8, 34-35; bifa_3 Tables 3-5; bifa_4 Appendix 2) because they record time on artistic practice, paid and unpaid, rather than hours worked; add them if the review counts them; 'did not work in the arts' and unpaid-work shares (not employment in any paid work). No any-employment share is reported. Arts income may include BIA payments misreported as arts earnings (bifa_4 estimates about 23% of recipients, roughly €320 a month); bifa_4's panel estimates do not adjust for it. Text restatements that differ from the figures are entered separately (Oct 2024 low life satisfaction 40% vs 37.08% for control; Oct 2023 high 6.5% vs 6.63%). The control group receives €650 a year for completing surveys. Self-selection out of the control group before baseline left some baseline imbalance (e.g. income), which is why the reports use DiD." }, { "trial": "T71", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T71-1", "wave": "3-month follow-up visit (about 12 weeks after enrollment)", "class": "stress", "instrument": "PSS-4", "measure": "Perceived Stress Scale (short form; 0-16)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.2, "se": null, "lower": -1.01, "upper": 1.4, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 49, "mean": 7.1, "sd": 3.1, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 44, "mean": 7.0, "sd": 3.4, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Outcome 'Change in Perceived Stress Scale' (primary): follow-up means (SD) and 'Mean Difference (Net)' from GEE population-averaged models with robust SEs (change from baseline); same numbers in the NCT05838027 results section; baseline 7.2 (3.2) cash, 7.4 (3.3) control", "source": "registered:NCT05838027_1" }, { "comparison": "T71-1", "wave": "3-month follow-up visit (about 12 weeks after enrollment)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "State Trait Anxiety Inventory, state subscale (20-80)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -2.71, "se": null, "lower": -7.43, "upper": 2.0, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 49, "mean": 35, "sd": 12, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 44, "mean": 41, "sd": 13, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Outcome 'Change in State Anxiety Scale' (primary): follow-up means (SD) and 'Mean Difference (Net)' from GEE population-averaged models with robust SEs (change from baseline); same numbers in the NCT05838027 results section; baseline 38 (14) cash, 40 (13) control", "source": "registered:NCT05838027_1" }, { "comparison": "T71-1", "wave": "3-month follow-up visit (about 12 weeks after enrollment)", "class": "distress", "instrument": "K6", "measure": "Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+, 6-30)", "binary": false, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -1.1, "se": null, "lower": -2.64, "upper": 0.43, "level": 95, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "points" }, "treated": { "n": 49, "mean": 12, "sd": 5, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 44, "mean": 14, "sd": 5, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Outcome 'Change in Psychological Distress Scale' (secondary): follow-up means (SD) and 'Mean Difference (Net)' from GEE population-averaged models with robust SEs (change from baseline); same numbers in the NCT05838027 results section; baseline 13 (6) in both arms", "source": "registered:NCT05838027_1" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T71-1", "wave": "3-month follow-up visit (about 12 weeks after enrollment)", "randomized_treated": 50, "randomized_control": 50, "responded_treated": 49, "responded_control": 44, "where": "Participant flow (started 50/50; completed 49 cash, 44 control); also pmid:41691989 Results (49 of 50 cash, 44 of 50 control attended the follow-up visit)", "source": "registered:NCT05838027_1" } ], "notes": "Results come from the ClinicalTrials.gov results section (rendered in NCT05838027_1 and identical in the NCT05838027 file). Baseline SDs are printed per arm only (not pooled), so baseline_sd is null. The publication (pmid:41691989) reports qualitative findings and baseline characteristics only. Employment and hours were collected at baseline only." }, { "trial": "T86", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T86-1", "wave": "Chicago DOH survey (May-June 2020)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious: 'How often have you felt nervous, anxious, or on edge?' (PHQ-4 item), more than half the days or nearly every day, last week", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.075, "se": 0.033, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p ≤ 0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.549 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table IV 'Survey Outcomes' (p. 37), row 'Feeling Anxious', column (3) Chicago: DOH: TSLS (IV) effect of receiving assistance instrumented by lottery selection, reweighted for survey nonresponse, site design controls; control mean in brackets; N=14,681 (both arms)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-1", "wave": "Chicago DOH survey (May-June 2020)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious: 'How often have you felt nervous, anxious, or on edge?' (PHQ-4 item), more than half the days or nearly every day, last week", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.072, "se": 0.032, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p ≤ 0.05", "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table E.3 'Survey Outcomes - No Weights' (p. 58), row 'Feeling Anxious', column (3) Chicago: DOH: IV estimate without nonresponse weights", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-2", "wave": "Chicago TRP survey (February-April 2021)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious: 'How often have you felt nervous, anxious, or on edge?' (PHQ-4 item), more than half the days or nearly every day, last week", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.002, "se": 0.028, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.319 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Table IV 'Survey Outcomes' (p. 37), row 'Feeling Anxious', column (4) Chicago: TRP: TSLS (IV) effect of receiving assistance instrumented by lottery selection, reweighted for survey nonresponse, site design controls; control mean in brackets; N=1,352 (both arms)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-2", "wave": "Chicago TRP survey (February-April 2021)", "class": "anxiety", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Feeling anxious: 'How often have you felt nervous, anxious, or on edge?' (PHQ-4 item), more than half the days or nearly every day, last week", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "worse", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": 0.006, "se": 0.027, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": null, "kind": "adjusted_difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": true, "where": "Appendix Table E.3 'Survey Outcomes - No Weights' (p. 58), row 'Feeling Anxious', column (4) Chicago: TRP: IV estimate without nonresponse weights", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T86-1", "wave": "Chicago DOH survey (May-June 2020)", "randomized_treated": 1537, "randomized_control": 73126, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Table I (p. 34): N selected 1,537, not selected 73,126; survey response rates 0.409 (selected) and 0.283 (not selected); Table IV survey N 14,681 (both arms)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-2", "wave": "Chicago TRP survey (February-April 2021)", "randomized_treated": 1765, "randomized_control": 4688, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Table I (p. 34): N selected 1,765, not selected 4,688; survey response rates 0.311 and 0.175; Table IV survey N 1,352 (both arms)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-1", "wave": "Chicago TRP survey (February-April 2021)", "randomized_treated": 1537, "randomized_control": 73126, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Not applicable: the TRP survey (Feb-Apr 2021) covered applicants to the TRP lottery only, not the DOH lottery (Appendix Table E.2)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" }, { "comparison": "T86-2", "wave": "Chicago DOH survey (May-June 2020)", "randomized_treated": 1765, "randomized_control": 4688, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Not applicable: the DOH survey (May-Jun 2020) covered applicants to the DOH lottery only, not the TRP lottery (Appendix Table E.2)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0007731_1" } ], "notes": "Both estimates are TSLS (IV) effects of receiving assistance, not intention-to-treat; the ITT for survey outcomes is not printed. First stage (Table III): lottery selection raised receipt by 0.431 (SE 0.013; control mean 0.001) for Chicago DOH and 0.910 (0.007; control mean 0.000) for Chicago TRP. The anxiety outcome is a single PHQ-4/GAD-2 item, dichotomized. Per-arm respondent counts are not printed. Combined-site estimates and other sites (Harris, King, Los Angeles) are not entered. Survey timing: DOH survey May-June 2020 after April-May 2020 grants; TRP survey February-April 2021 after August-October 2020 grants (Appendix Table E.2)." }, { "trial": "T92", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 1 after first deposit (2023 Q4), state records", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed: received taxed wages or tips in the quarter (state records)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.14, "p_text": "p = 0.14", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2(b) 'Treatment-Control Difference' (p. 28): p-value label at quarter 1 (read by its position); the difference is drawn but not printed", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 3 (2024 Q2), state records", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed: received taxed wages or tips in the quarter (state records)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.02, "p_text": "p = 0.02", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2(b) 'Treatment-Control Difference' (p. 28): p-value label at quarter 3 (read by its position); the difference is drawn but not printed", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 4 (2024 Q3), state records", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed: received taxed wages or tips in the quarter (state records)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.05, "p_text": "p = 0.05", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2(b) 'Treatment-Control Difference' (p. 28): p-value label at quarter 4 (read by its position); the difference is drawn but not printed", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 2 (2024 Q1), shorter term, state records", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed: received taxed wages or tips in the quarter (state records)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.22, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "p = 0.00", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2(a) (p. 28): 'Difference at 2: -0.22 (p = 0.00)'; text p. 27 ('22 percentage points lower than the control group, a 58% decrease relative to the control-group rate'); unadjusted mean difference, permutation p-value", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 5 (2024 Q4), longer term, state records", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed: received taxed wages or tips in the quarter (state records)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -0.03, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.67, "p_text": "p = 0.67", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.25 }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 0.28 }, "proportion_unit": "fraction", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 2(a) (p. 28): 'Difference at 5: -0.03 (p = 0.67)', quarter-5 levels 0.25 (treatment) and 0.28 (control); Table 4 (p. 30): impact -0.03 after 15 months, Pr[Impact = 0] 0.67", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Phone follow-up (October 2024, about 2024 Q3)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed in 2024 Q3, taxed or untaxed (phone interview)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'conclusions regarding the employment impact are unchanged whether the analysis relies on the full sample using administrative data or on the interview subsample using either administrative or phone-survey responses'", "kind": "difference", "scale": "proportion" }, "treated": { "n": 20, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 22, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Text p. 32 and footnote 24 (42 interviewed: 20 treatment, 22 control; 40 gave employment and income); numbers in Appendix Table A.9, which is not in the file", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 1 after first deposit (2023 Q4), state records", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings from labor income (mean individual monthly, 2022 dollars; state records)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "figure only; no number printed for this quarter", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 3(a) 'Earnings from Labor Income' (p. 37) plots quarter 1 but prints no number for it", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 3 (2024 Q2), state records", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings from labor income (mean individual monthly, 2022 dollars; state records)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "figure only; no number printed for this quarter", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 3(a) 'Earnings from Labor Income' (p. 37) plots quarter 3 but prints no number for it", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 4 (2024 Q3), state records", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings from labor income (mean individual monthly, 2022 dollars; state records)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "figure only; no number printed for this quarter", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 3(a) 'Earnings from Labor Income' (p. 37) plots quarter 4 but prints no number for it", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 2 (2024 Q1), shorter term, state records", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings from labor income (mean individual monthly, 2022 dollars; state records)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -350, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.04, "p_text": "p = 0.04", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 3(a) (p. 37): 'Difference at 2: -350 (p = 0.04)'; text p. 36 ('labor income decreases by 350 (p-value = 0.04)')", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 5 (2024 Q4), longer term, state records", "class": "earnings", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Earnings from labor income (mean individual monthly, 2022 dollars; state records)", "binary": false, "per": "month", "currency": "USD", "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": -151, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": 0.34, "p_text": "p = 0.34", "kind": "difference", "scale": "currency" }, "treated": { "n": 40, "mean": 355, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 53, "mean": 506, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Figure 3(a) (p. 37): 'Difference at 5: -151 (p = 0.34)', quarter-5 means 355 (treatment) and 506 (control); text p. 36 ('a treatment-control difference of 151 remains five quarters after the baseline')", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 1 after first deposit (2023 Q4), state records", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 40, "responded_control": 53, "where": "Administrative records for all participants ('absence of non-response in our data sources', p. 27); randomized 40 treatment, 53 control (Section 4.1)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 2 (2024 Q1), shorter term, state records", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 40, "responded_control": 53, "where": "Administrative records for all participants ('absence of non-response in our data sources', p. 27); randomized 40 treatment, 53 control (Section 4.1)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 3 (2024 Q2), state records", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 40, "responded_control": 53, "where": "Administrative records for all participants ('absence of non-response in our data sources', p. 27); randomized 40 treatment, 53 control (Section 4.1)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 4 (2024 Q3), state records", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 40, "responded_control": 53, "where": "Administrative records for all participants ('absence of non-response in our data sources', p. 27); randomized 40 treatment, 53 control (Section 4.1)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Phone follow-up (October 2024, about 2024 Q3)", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 20, "responded_control": 22, "where": "Footnote 24 (p. 32): 42 of 93 completed the phone interview (20 treatment, 22 control); 40 gave employment and income information", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" }, { "comparison": "T92-1", "wave": "Quarter 5 (2024 Q4), longer term, state records", "randomized_treated": 40, "randomized_control": 53, "responded_treated": 40, "responded_control": 53, "where": "Administrative records for all participants ('absence of non-response in our data sources', p. 27); randomized 40 treatment, 53 control (Section 4.1)", "source": "registered:AEARCTR-0014466_1" } ], "notes": "Quarter 0 (2023 Q3, the baseline quarter, which includes one month of payments) is not a design wave: employment difference -0.04 (p = 0.60), earnings difference -68 (p = 0.69), levels 0.30 vs 0.34 and 527 vs 594. Quarters 1, 3 and 4 appear only in figures: Figure 2(b) labels a p-value at each quarter (assigned to quarters by column position: 0.14, 0.02, 0.05) without printing the difference, and Figure 3(a) prints nothing for those quarters. Estimates are unadjusted treatment-control mean differences with permutation p-values (adjusted estimates are said to be nearly identical, Appendix 8, not in the file). The phone follow-up's numbers are in Appendix Table A.9, not in the file. Unearned income and income from all sources are not earnings and were not entered. The control group received $10 a month." }, { "trial": "T111", "entries": [ { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "15-month survey (final follow-up)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed (survey)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "'We see similar rates of employment across groups and no decrease in employment after receiving cash plus, which suggests that the cash plus program did not affect the likelihood of employment.' Conclusion: no statistically significant improvements in ... employment", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": 88, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "control": { "n": 40, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": null, "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "Final report (October 2025), employment chart (baseline and follow-up by group: Miracle Money n=88, Miracle Friend n=40, Waitlist n=107; numbers not legible in the OCR text) and its answer text; conclusion p. 13. The report's comparisons are with the waitlist control", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_1" }, { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "15-month survey (final follow-up)", "class": "employed_any", "instrument": "other", "measure": "Employed (survey, at follow up)", "binary": true, "per": null, "currency": null, "higher_is": "better", "subgroup": null, "estimate": { "value": null, "se": null, "lower": null, "upper": null, "level": null, "p": null, "p_text": "no differences were found between groups", "kind": "difference", "scale": "percentage_points" }, "treated": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": 25 }, "control": { "n": null, "mean": null, "sd": null, "proportion": null }, "proportion_unit": "percent", "baseline_sd": null, "adjusted": false, "where": "SSWR 2026 abstract, Results: 'At follow up, 31% (n=238) of the cash transfer sample exited homelessness, 25% were employed, ...; no differences were found between groups' (25% read as the cash transfer sample; the sentence is ambiguous)", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_3" } ], "attrition": [ { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "3-month survey", "randomized_treated": 256, "randomized_control": 267, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized: SSWR abstract (523 to the program, of whom 256 also received cash; 267 social support only); no per-wave response counts printed", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_3" }, { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "6-month survey", "randomized_treated": 256, "randomized_control": 267, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized: SSWR abstract (523 to the program, of whom 256 also received cash; 267 social support only); no per-wave response counts printed", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_3" }, { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "9-month survey", "randomized_treated": 256, "randomized_control": 267, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized: SSWR abstract (523 to the program, of whom 256 also received cash; 267 social support only); no per-wave response counts printed", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_3" }, { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "12-month survey", "randomized_treated": 256, "randomized_control": 267, "responded_treated": null, "responded_control": null, "where": "Randomized: SSWR abstract (523 to the program, of whom 256 also received cash; 267 social support only); no per-wave response counts printed", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_3" }, { "comparison": "T111-1", "wave": "15-month survey (final follow-up)", "randomized_treated": 256, "randomized_control": 267, "responded_treated": 88, "responded_control": 40, "where": "Final report charts: Miracle Money Group (n=88), Miracle Friend Group (n=40), 'participants who completed the study and received an intervention'", "source": "registered:NCT05408884_1" } ], "notes": "The final report's charts lost their numbers in OCR; employment results survive only as sentences. The report compares each group with the waitlist control, whereas T111-1 compares Miracle Money with Miracle Friends; the sentences say employment was similar across all three groups. The SSWR abstract gives '25% were employed' at follow-up (apparently the cash group) and 'no differences were found between groups'. The November 2023 interim report (NCT05408884_2, not a result report) has no employment or mental-health results; the 6-month results there compare with usual services. No mental-health scale results are printed." } ]